Low frequency BOLD fluctuations during resting wakefulness and light sleep: A simultaneous EEG‐fMRI study

Horovitz, Silvina G.; Fukunaga, Masaki; de Zwart, Jacco A.; van Gelderen, Peter; Fulton, Susan C.; Balkin, Thomas J.; Duyn, Jeff H.

doi:10.1002/hbm.20428

Cited by 616Functional Brain Connectivity StudiesAdvanced MRI Techniques and ApplicationsSleep and Wakefulness Research

Low frequency BOLD fluctuations during resting wakefulness and light sleep: A simultaneous EEG‐fMRI study

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Horovitz, Silvina G., Fukunaga, Masaki, de Zwart, Jacco A., van Gelderen, Peter, Fulton, Susan C., Balkin, Thomas J., Duyn, Jeff H.·2008·Human Brain Mapping

DOI 10.1002/hbm.20428PMC PMC6871022

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Abstract

Recent blood oxygenation level dependent functional MRI (BOLD fMRI) studies of the human brain have shown that in the absence of external stimuli, activity persists in the form of distinct patterns of temporally correlated signal fluctuations. In this work, we investigated the spontaneous BOLD signal fluctuations during states of reduced consciousness such as drowsiness and sleep. For this purpose, we performed BOLD fMRI on normal subjects during varying levels of consciousness, from resting wakefulness to light (non‐slow wave) sleep. Depth of sleep was determined based on concurrently acquired EEG data. During light sleep, significant increases in the fluctuation level of the BOLD signal were observed in several cortical areas, among which visual cortex was the most significant. Correlations among brain regions involved with the default‐mode network persisted during light sleep. These results suggest that activity in areas such as the default‐mode network and primary sensory cortex, as measured from BOLD fMRI fluctuations, does not require a level of consciousness typical of wakefulness. Hum Brain Mapp, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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fMRI studies measuring BOLD signals have demonstrated widespread hemodynamic alterations during NREM sleep.
“In addition, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies measuring blood-oxygenation-level-dependent (BOLD) signals have demonstrated widespread hemodynamic alterations during NREM sleep (9-15).”
From Coupled electrophysiological, hemodynamic, and cerebrospinal fluid oscillations in human sleep (2019) · cites this paper as [10]

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Authors: Horovitz, S. G., Fukunaga, M., de Zwart, J. A., van Gelderen, P., Fulton, S. C., Balkin, T. J., & Duyn, J. H.
Affiliations: National Institutes of Health (US)
Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (US)
ORCID: Horovitz, Silvina G.
Fukunaga, Masaki
de Zwart, Jacco A.
van Gelderen, Peter
Balkin, Thomas J.
Duyn, Jeff H.
Venue: Human Brain Mapping
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2007-06-27
Volume: 29
Issue: 6
Pages: 671-682
ISSN: 1065-9471 (ISSN-L)
1097-0193
DOI: 10.1002/hbm.20428
PMC: PMC6871022
OpenAlex: W2035831965
Cited by: 616
References: 10
Citations by year: 2026: 26 · 2025: 25 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 27 · 2021: 26 · 2020: 34 · 2019: 33 · 2018: 36 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 25 · 2015: 42 · 2014: 41 · 2013: 57 · 2012: 35
FWCI: 14.63
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations: Human Brain Mapping (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: U.S. Department of Defense
National Institutes of Health
National Institute of Mental Health
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
Keywords: BOLD signal fluctuations, spontaneous neuronal activity, light sleep, sleepiness, reduced consciousness, default mode network, visual cortex, primary sensory cortex, EEG-fMRI correlation, sleep depth
MeSH terms: Brain Mapping, Electroencephalography, Frontal Lobe, Gyrus Cinguli, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Motor Cortex, Parietal Lobe, Rest, Sleep, Sleep Stages, Visual Cortex, Wakefulness

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Low frequency BOLD fluctuations during resting wakefulness and light sleep: A simultaneous EEG‐fMRI study

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