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Cited by 1,386

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Microbes in Gastrointestinal Health and Disease

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Neish, Andrew S.·2009·Gastroenterology
DOI 10.1053/j.gastro.2008.10.080
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Abstract

Most, if not all, animals coexist with a complement of prokaryotic symbionts that confer a variety of physiologic benefits. In humans, the interaction between animal and bacterial cells is especially important in the gastrointestinal tract. Technical and conceptual advances have enabled rapid progress in characterizing the taxonomic composition, metabolic capacity, and immunomodulatory activity of the human gut microbiota, allowing us to establish its role in human health and disease. The human host coevolved with a normal microbiota over millennia and developed, deployed, and optimized complex immune mechanisms that monitor and control this microbial ecosystem. These cellular mechanisms have homeostatic roles beyond the traditional concept of defense against potential pathogens, suggesting these pathways contribute directly to the well-being of the gut. During their coevolution, the bacterial microbiota has established multiple mechanisms to influence the eukaryotic host, generally in a beneficial fashion, and maintain their stable niche. The prokaryotic genomes of the human microbiota encode a spectrum of metabolic capabilities beyond that of the host genome, making the microbiota an integral component of human physiology. Gaining a fuller understanding of both partners in the normal gut-microbiota interaction may shed light on how the relationship can go awry and contribute to a spectrum of immune, inflammatory, and metabolic disorders and may reveal mechanisms by which this relationship could be manipulated toward therapeutic ends.

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Cited by

Metadata

Authors
Neish, A. S.
Venue
Gastroenterology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2009-01
Volume
136
Issue
1
Pages
65-80
ISSN
0016-5085 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1053/j.gastro.2008.10.080
OpenAlex
W2003099302
Cited by
1,386
References
23
FWCI
25.44
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
green
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)

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