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Rating neurologic impairment in multiple sclerosis: An expanded disability status scale (EDSS)
Abstract
One method of evaluating the degree of neurologic impairment in MS has been the combination of grades (0 = normal to 5 or 6 = maximal impairment) within 8 Functional Systems (FS) and an overall Disability Status Scale (DSS) that had steps from 0 (normal) to 10 (death due to MS). A new Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) is presented, with each of the former steps (1,2,3 . . . 9) now divided into two (1.0, 1.5, 2.0 . . . 9.5). The lower portion is obligatorily defined by Functional System grades. The FS are Pyramidal, Cerebellar, Brain Stem, Sensory, Bowel & Bladder, Visual, Cerebral, and Other; the Sensory and Bowel & Bladder Systems have been revised. Patterns of FS and relations of FS by type and grade to the DSS are demonstrated.
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“The Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS [26]) was administered by an experienced neurologist (M.C.) to investigate physical disability.”
From Coping strategies and their impact on quality of life and physical disability of people with multiple sclerosis (2021) · cites this paper as [26]
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Coping Strategies and Mood Profiles in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis
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Reuter, F., Del Cul, A., Audoin, B., Malikova, I., Naccache, L., Ranjeva, J. P., Lyon-Caen, O., Ali Chérif, A., Cohen, L., Dehaene, S., et al. (2007) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2007.04.010 · Cited by 31
Ostacoli, L., Carletto, S., Borghi, M., Cavallo, M., Rocci, E., Zuffranieri, M., Malucchi, S., Bertolotto, A., Zennaro, A., Furlan, P. M., et al. (2013) · Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings · doi:10.1007/s10880-012-9323-2 · Cited by 29
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“Basic demographic details, time since MS diagnosis, time since last relapse, most recent Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS; Kurtzke, 1983) score, and current medication were noted from clinical records.”
MethodCerea, S., Ghisi, M., Pitteri, M., Guandalini, M., Strober, L. B., Scozzari, S., Crescenzo, F., & Calabrese, M. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm10235607 · Cited by 24
“To examine the relationship between coping strategies and level of physical disability, we classified pwMS into two groups [26]: patients who presented with normal to minimal physical disability (EDSS ≤ 2; “normal status/minimal physical disability” group; n = 63) and patients who presented with moderate to severe phy…”
BackgroundMethod
Metadata
- Authors
- Kurtzke, J. F.
- Affiliations
- Georgetown University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kurtzke, John F.
- Venue
- Neurology
- Published
- 1983-11
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 1444-1444
- ISSN
- 0028-3878 (ISSN-L)
- 1526-632X
- OpenAlex
- W2112165124
- Cited by
- 15,011
- References
- 13
- Citations by year
- 2026: 474 · 2025: 622 · 2024: 692 · 2023: 648 · 2022: 722 · 2021: 781 · 2020: 764 · 2019: 648 · 2018: 603 · 2017: 592 · 2016: 657 · 2015: 634 · 2014: 632 · 2013: 586 · 2012: 581
- FWCI
- 9.57
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Neurology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Speech and Hearing › Voice and Speech Disorders
- Keywords
- multiple sclerosis, Expanded Disability Status Scale, disability assessment, neurological deficit, functional systems, pyramidal system, cerebellar function, brainstem, sensory impairment, bowel and bladder dysfunction, visual impairment
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Multiple Sclerosis, Nervous System Diseases, Neurologic Examination
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