Cited by 226Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on BehaviorNeural and Behavioral Psychology StudiesNeuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research

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Basal ganglia circuit loops, dopamine and motivation: A review and enquiry

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Ikemoto, Satoshi, Yang, Chen, Tan, Aaron·2015·Behavioural Brain Research

DOI 10.1016/j.bbr.2015.04.018PMC PMC4447603

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Abstract

Dopamine neurons located in the midbrain play a role in motivation that regulates approach behavior (approach motivation). In addition, activation and inactivation of dopamine neurons regulate mood and induce reward and aversion, respectively. Accumulating evidence suggests that such motivational role of dopamine neurons is not limited to those located in the ventral tegmental area, but also in the substantia nigra. The present paper reviews previous rodent work concerning dopamine's role in approach motivation and the connectivity of dopamine neurons, and proposes two working models: One concerns the relationship between extracellular dopamine concentration and approach motivation. High, moderate and low concentrations of extracellular dopamine induce euphoric, seeking and aversive states, respectively. The other concerns circuit loops involving the cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, thalamus, epithalamus, and midbrain through which dopaminergic activity alters approach motivation. These models should help to generate hypothesis-driven research and provide insights for understanding altered states associated with drugs of abuse and affective disorders.

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Authors: Ikemoto, S., Yang, C., & Tan, A.
Affiliations: National Institutes of Health (US)
Corresponding author: Ikemoto, Satoshi
ORCID: Ikemoto, Satoshi
Tan, Aaron
Venue: Behavioural Brain Research
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2015-09
Volume: 290
Pages: 17-31
ISSN: 0166-4328 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2015.04.018
PMC: PMC4447603
OpenAlex: W2081845928
Semantic Scholar: bb06782b6fb20361735cf21f960fea754adbcf67
Cited by: 226
References: 255
Citations by year: 2026: 12 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 29 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 26 · 2015: 3
FWCI: 2.85
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: hybrid
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor)
Locations: Behavioural Brain Research (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health
National Institute on Drug Abuse (ZIADA000575, ZIADA000439, ZIADA000550)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
Keywords: dopamine, approach motivation, substantia nigra, ventral tegmental area, reward, aversion, thalamus, epithalamus, drugs of abuse, mood disorders
MeSH terms: Animals, Basal Ganglia, Motivation, Nerve Net, Reward, Dopaminergic Neurons

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Basal ganglia circuit loops, dopamine and motivation: A review and enquiry

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