Development and Evolution of the Human Neocortex

Lui, Jan H.; Hansen, David V.; Kriegstein, Arnold R.

doi:10.1016/j.cell.2011.06.030

Cited by 1,342Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanismsDevelopmental Biology and Gene RegulationFetal and Pediatric Neurological Disorders

Development and Evolution of the Human Neocortex

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Lui, Jan H., Hansen, David V., Kriegstein, Arnold R.·2011·Cell

DOI 10.1016/j.cell.2011.06.030PMC PMC3610574

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Abstract

The size and surface area of the mammalian brain are thought to be critical determinants of intellectual ability. Recent studies show that development of the gyrated human neocortex involves a lineage of neural stem and transit-amplifying cells that forms the outer subventricular zone (OSVZ), a proliferative region outside the ventricular epithelium. We discuss how proliferation of cells within the OSVZ expands the neocortex by increasing neuron number and modifying the trajectory of migrating neurons. Relating these features to other mammalian species and known molecular regulators of the mouse neocortex suggests how this developmental process could have emerged in evolution.

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The underlying biological mechanisms that lead to altered formation of the cortex in individuals with Down syndrome may not be reflected in existing mouse models owing to differences in neurodevelopment across species.
“Moreover, the underlying biological mechanisms that lead to altered formation of the cortex in individuals with DS may not be reflected in the mouse models that do exist, owing to differences in neurodevelopment across species23–27.”
From Consequences of trisomy 21 for brain development in Down syndrome (2024) · cites this paper as [26]
The Introduction says that species differences limit how well rodent neocortices can model human cortical development. It does not address Down syndrome or test whether existing Down syndrome mouse models reflect the mechanisms of altered cortical formation. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
The expansion of the telencephalon in parrots and songbirds is associated with delayed and protracted neurogenesis, an expanded subventricular zone, and delayed neuronal maturation.
“First, just like the expansion of neocortex in primates (52), the expansion of the telencephalon in parrots and songbirds is associated with delayed and protracted neurogenesis, an expanded subventricular zone, and delayed neuronal maturation (53–55).”
From Birds have primate-like numbers of neurons in the forebrain (2016) · cites this paper as [52]
oRGs are present in large numbers in gyrencephalic primates and are considered pivotal to the evolutionary increase in human cortex size and complexity.
“oRGs are present in large numbers in gyrencephalic primates22,23,40–44 and are considered pivotal to the evolutionary increase in human cortex size and complexity45,46.”
From The use of brain organoids to investigate neural development and disease (2017) · cites this paper as [45]
Cortical surface area and thickness are controlled by mechanisms involved in RGC and IPC proliferation and differentiation decisions.
“Cortical surface area and thickness are controlled by the mechanisms involved in RGC and IPC proliferation and differentiation decisions [99, 100].”
From The ASD Living Biology: from cell proliferation to clinical phenotype (2019) · cites this paper as [100]
The subdivision of subventricular zone in primates and other large-brained mammals establishes the expanded proliferative zone in outer subventricular zone that generates a greater number of neurons and glial cells.
“One such example is the subdivision of SVZ in primates, and in other mammals with a large brain (Fietz et al., 2010; Hansen et al., 2010; Lui et al., 2011; Smart et al., 2002) to establish the expanded proliferative zone in the oSVZ that generates a greater number of neurons and glial cells.”
From The Cellular and Molecular Landscapes of the Developing Human Central Nervous System (2016) · cites this paper as Lui et al., 2011

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Cerebral organoids model human brain development and microcephaly
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Subcortical origins of human and monkey neocortical interneurons
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The ASD Living Biology: from cell proliferation to clinical phenotype
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Human pluripotent stem cell-derived neural constructs for predicting neural toxicity
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Zika Virus Disrupts Phospho-TBK1 Localization and Mitosis in Human Neuroepithelial Stem Cells and Radial Glia
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Single-cell brain organoid screening identifies developmental defects in autism
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“Nature Biotechnology, 37(4):451–460, 2019.”
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Authors: Lui, J. H., Hansen, D. V., & Kriegstein, A. R.
Affiliations: University of California, San Francisco (US)
Corresponding author: Kriegstein, Arnold R.
ORCID: Lui, Jan H.
Kriegstein, Arnold R.
Venue: Cell
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2011-07
Volume: 146
Issue: 1
Pages: 18-36
ISSN: 0092-8674 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2011.06.030
PMC: PMC3610574
OpenAlex: W2010994321
Cited by: 1,342
References: 130
Citations by year: 2026: 66 · 2025: 70 · 2024: 95 · 2023: 93 · 2022: 102 · 2021: 124 · 2020: 120 · 2019: 103 · 2018: 86 · 2017: 86 · 2016: 83 · 2015: 83 · 2014: 97 · 2013: 74 · 2012: 50
FWCI: 6.27
Type: journal article
Language: en
Update notices: erratum (2011-07-22)
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/ (vor, 747 d)
doi.org/10.15223/policy-017 (stm-asf)
doi.org/10.15223/policy-037 (stm-asf)
doi.org/10.15223/policy-012 (stm-asf)
doi.org/10.15223/policy-029 (stm-asf)
doi.org/10.15223/policy-004 (stm-asf)
Locations: Cell (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01NS072630, R01NS075998)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Developmental Neuroscience › Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Developmental Biology and Gene Regulation
Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Fetal and Pediatric Neurological Disorders
Keywords: human neocortex, outer subventricular zone, neural stem cells, transit amplifying cells, neuronal proliferation, neuronal migration, cortical expansion, brain evolution, cortical development, mouse neocortex, intellectual ability
MeSH terms: Animals, Cell Movement, Biological Evolution, Humans, Signal Transduction, Neocortex, Receptors, Notch, Neurogenesis, Neural Stem Cells

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