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Cited by 927Sleep and related disordersObstructive Sleep Apnea ResearchSleep and Work-Related Fatigue

Association of sleep time with diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance

Gottlieb, Daniel J., Punjabi, Naresh M., Newman, Ann B., Resnick, Helaine E., Redline, Susan, Baldwin, Carol M., Nieto, F. Javier·2005·Archives of Internal Medicine
DOI 10.1001/archinte.165.8.863
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Experimental sleep restriction causes impaired glucose tolerance (IGT); however, little is known about the metabolic effects of habitual sleep restriction. We assessed the cross-sectional relation of usual sleep time to diabetes mellitus (DM) and IGT among participants in the Sleep Heart Health Study, a community-based prospective study of the cardiovascular consequences of sleep-disordered breathing. METHODS: Participants were 722 men and 764 women, aged 53 to 93 years. Usual sleep time was obtained by standardized questionnaire. Diabetes mellitus was defined as a serum glucose level of 126 mg/dL or more (> or =7.0 mmol/L) fasting or 200 mg/dL or more (> or =11.1 mmol/L) 2 hours following standard oral glucose challenge or medication use for DM. Impaired glucose tolerance was defined as a 2-hour postchallenge glucose level of 140 mg/dL or more (> or =7.8 mmol/L) and less than 200 mg/dL. The relation of sleep time to DM and IGT was examined using categorical logistic regression with adjustment for age, sex, race, body habitus, and apnea-hypopnea index. RESULTS: The median sleep time was 7 hours per night, with 27.1% of subjects sleeping 6 hours or less per night. Compared with those sleeping 7 to 8 hours per night, subjects sleeping 5 hours or less and 6 hours per night had adjusted odds ratios for DM of 2.51 (95% confidence interval, 1.57-4.02) and 1.66 (95% confidence interval, 1.15-2.39), respectively. Adjusted odds ratios for IGT were 1.33 (95% confidence interval, 0.83-2.15) and 1.58 (95% confidence interval, 1.15-2.18), respectively. Subjects sleeping 9 hours or more per night also had increased odds ratios for DM and IGT. These associations persisted when subjects with insomnia symptoms were excluded. CONCLUSIONS: A sleep duration of 6 hours or less or 9 hours or more is associated with increased prevalence of DM and IGT. Because this effect was present in subjects without insomnia, voluntary sleep restriction may contribute to the large public health burden of DM.

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  • Short sleep duration is associated with impaired glucose tolerance and an increased risk of diabetes.

    “Short sleep duration is associated with impaired glucose tolerance and an increased risk of diabetes.”

    From Sleep Restriction for 1 Week Reduces Insulin Sensitivity in Healthy Men (2010) · cites this paper as [9]

  • Insufficient sleep duration (quantity) has been associated with an increased risk of obesity, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, and early mortality.

    “Insufficient sleep duration (quantity) has been associated with an increased risk of obesity (3–6,51), type 2 diabetes (7–11), hypertension (12), cardiovascular disease (13,14), metabolic syndrome (a combination of cardiovascular and metabolic dysfunction) (15), and early mortality (14,16,17,19–21,52).”

    From Sleep Restriction for 1 Week Reduces Insulin Sensitivity in Healthy Men (2010) · cites this paper as [9]

  • Many observational studies have found cross-sectional associations indicating a higher prevalence of diabetes among short sleepers and among those with poor subjective sleep quality.

    “Many have found cross-sectional associations that indicated a higher prevalence of diabetes among short sleepers (7–9) and among those with poor subjective sleep quality (10,11).”

    From Cross-Sectional Associations Between Measures of Sleep and Markers of Glucose Metabolism Among Subjects With and Without Diabetes (2011) · cites this paper as [7]

  • Sleep durations longer or shorter than 7-8 hours in a 24-hour period are associated with cardiovascular disease and diabetes risk factors, depression, automobile and workplace accidents, learning and memory problems, and excess mortality.

    “Sleep duration is associated with cardiovascular disease and diabetes risk factors, depression, automobile and workplace accidents, and prospective mortality.”

    From Sleep Duration in the United States: A Cross-sectional Population-based Study (2009) · cites this paper as [2]

  • Self-reported sleep duration reliably predicts prospective mortality and other health outcomes.

    “self-reported sleep duration reliably predicts prospective mortality and other health outcomes (1-7, 13-18).”

    From Sleep Duration in the United States: A Cross-sectional Population-based Study (2009) · cites this paper as [2]

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Authors
Gottlieb, D. J., Punjabi, N. M., Newman, A. B., Resnick, H. E., Redline, S., Baldwin, C. M., & Nieto, F. J.
Affiliations
  • Boston University (US)
  • Johns Hopkins University (US)
  • Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital (US)
  • Arizona State University (US)
ORCID
Venue
Archives of Internal Medicine
Publisher
American Medical Association (AMA)
Published
2005-04-25
Volume
165
Issue
8
Pages
863
ISSN
0003-9926 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1001/archinte.165.8.863
OpenAlex
W2125983326
Cited by
927
References
39
Citations by year
2026: 9 · 2025: 27 · 2024: 33 · 2023: 27 · 2022: 39 · 2021: 41 · 2020: 34 · 2019: 35 · 2018: 56 · 2017: 51 · 2016: 56 · 2015: 57 · 2014: 58 · 2013: 62 · 2012: 52
FWCI
49.97
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Archives of Internal Medicine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (5u01hl053940-05, 5u01hl053934-14)
  • National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (U01 HL 53940, U01HL53938, U01HL053941, U01HL053938, U01 HL53934, U01HL053937, U01 HL 53941, U01 HL53916, U01HL053931, U01 HL 63429, HL53938-07S1, U01HL064360, U01HL053916, U01 HL53931, U01HL063463, U01HL64360, U01HL063429, U01HL63463, U01-HL53937)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Obstructive Sleep Apnea Research
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
Keywords
sleep duration, diabetes mellitus, impaired glucose tolerance, sleep restriction, apnea-hypopnea index, sleep-disordered breathing, Sleep Heart Health Study
MeSH terms
Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Blood Glucose, Diabetes Mellitus, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Surveys and Questionnaires, Sleep, Time Factors, United States, Prevalence, Odds Ratio, Glucose Intolerance, Disease Progression

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