The gut microbiota suppresses insulin-mediated fat accumulation via the short-chain fatty acid receptor GPR43
Open accessAbstract
The gut microbiota affects nutrient acquisition and energy regulation of the host, and can influence the development of obesity, insulin resistance, and diabetes. During feeding, gut microbes produce short-chain fatty acids, which are important energy sources for the host. Here we show that the short-chain fatty acid receptor GPR43 links the metabolic activity of the gut microbiota with host body energy homoeostasis. We demonstrate that GPR43-deficient mice are obese on a normal diet, whereas mice overexpressing GPR43 specifically in adipose tissue remain lean even when fed a high-fat diet. Raised under germ-free conditions or after treatment with antibiotics, both types of mice have a normal phenotype. We further show that short-chain fatty acid-mediated activation of GPR43 suppresses insulin signalling in adipocytes, which inhibits fat accumulation in adipose tissue and promotes the metabolism of unincorporated lipids and glucose in other tissues. These findings establish GPR43 as a sensor for excessive dietary energy, thereby controlling body energy utilization while maintaining metabolic homoeostasis. The gut microbiota produces metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which can influence the development of obesity. Here Kimura et al.show that SCFAs act via the receptor GPR43, which acts as a sensor for excessive dietary energy and controls body energy utilization as well as metabolic homoeostasis.
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Short chain fatty acids are produced by microbiota from dietary fibers, affect host body energy homeostasis, and are protective against metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and atherosclerosis.
“Short chain fatty acids are produced by microbiota from dietary fibers, effect host body energy homeostasis, and are protective against metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and atherosclerosis.15,45–47”
From The Gut Microbiome Contributes to a Substantial Proportion of the Variation in Blood Lipids (2015) · cites this paper as [47]
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- Authors
- Kimura, I., Ozawa, K., Inoue, D., Imamura, T., Kimura, K., Maeda, T., Terasawa, K., Kashihara, D., Hirano, K., Tani, T., Takahashi, T., Miyauchi, S., Shioi, G., Inoue, H., & Tsujimoto, G.
- Affiliations
- Kyoto University (JP)
- Nara Medical University (JP)
- Shiga University of Medical Science (JP)
- Kanazawa University (JP)
- RIKEN (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Kimura, Ikuo
- Venue
- Nature Communications
- Published
- 2013-05-07
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 1829-1829
- ISSN
- 2041-1723 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3674247
- OpenAlex
- W2057039181
- Cited by
- 1,512
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 105 · 2025: 142 · 2024: 124 · 2023: 125 · 2022: 176 · 2021: 141 · 2020: 150 · 2019: 109 · 2018: 99 · 2017: 89 · 2016: 92 · 2015: 86 · 2014: 56 · 2013: 14
- FWCI
- 36.82
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Nature Communications (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Institutional Repositories DataBase (IRDB) (submittedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Kyoto University Research Information Repository (Kyoto University) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- Funders
- Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- Inamori Foundation
- Kato Memorial Bioscience Foundation
- Yakult Bio-Science Foundation
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (23390056, 24790919, 24590077)
- Japan Science and Technology Agency
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Keywords
- gut microbiota, short-chain fatty acids, GPR43, adipose tissue, fat deposition, insulin signaling, obesity, energy homeostasis, germ-free mice, antibiotic therapy, high-fat diet, lipid metabolism, glucose metabolism
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Energy Metabolism, Fatty Acids, Volatile, Insulin, Liver, Male, Models, Biological, Muscles, Obesity, Organ Specificity, Type C Phospholipases, Protein Kinase C, Thinness, Signal Transduction, Mice, Knockout, GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go, Gastrointestinal Tract, Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled, GTP-Binding Protein beta Subunits, GTP-Binding Protein gamma Subunits, Lipid Metabolism, PTEN Phosphohydrolase, Mice, Adipose Tissue, White, Microbiota
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