Artificial vision with wirelessly powered subretinal electronic implant alpha-IMS
Open accessAbstract
This study aims at substituting the essential functions of photoreceptors in patients who are blind owing to untreatable forms of hereditary retinal degenerations. A microelectronic neuroprosthetic device, powered via transdermal inductive transmission, carrying 1500 independent microphotodiode-amplifier-electrode elements on a 9 mm 2 chip, was subretinally implanted in nine blind patients. Light perception (8/9), light localization (7/9), motion detection (5/9, angular speed up to 35 deg s −1 ), grating acuity measurement (6/9, up to 3.3 cycles per degree) and visual acuity measurement with Landolt C-rings (2/9) up to Snellen visual acuity of 20/546 (corresponding to decimal 0.037 or corresponding to 1.43 logMAR (minimum angle of resolution)) were restored via the subretinal implant. Additionally, the identification, localization and discrimination of objects improved significantly ( n = 8; p < 0.05 for each subtest) in repeated tests over a nine-month period. Three subjects were able to read letters spontaneously and one subject was able to read letters after training in an alternative-force choice test. Five subjects reported implant-mediated visual perceptions in daily life within a field of 15° of visual angle. Control tests were performed each time with the implant's power source switched off. These data show that subretinal implants can restore visual functions that are useful for daily life.
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Phosphene fading is a significant limitation in artificial vision.
“A significant limitation in artificial vision is phosphene fading [148][149][150]”
From Advances in visual prostheses: engineering and biological challenges (2022) · cites this paper as [150]
Phosphene fading affects retinal prostheses and makes continuous perception above flicker fusion nearly impossible.
“which affects retinal prostheses and makes continuous perception above flicker fusion nearly impossible.”
From Advances in visual prostheses: engineering and biological challenges (2022) · cites this paper as [150]
The subretinal visual implant Alpha IMS was one of the first CE-approved implantable medical devices with a high-channel-count (1500 pixels) and implantable electronics in contact with the central nervous system.
“The subretinal visual implant Alpha IMS [150] was one of the first CE-approved implantable medical devices with a high-channel-count (1500 pixels) and implantable electronics in contact with the central nervous system.”
From Advances in visual prostheses: engineering and biological challenges (2022) · cites this paper as [150]
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Rassia, K. E. K., & Pezaris, J. S. (2018) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-018-31435-0 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Thorn, J. T., Chenais, N. A. L., Hinrichs, S., Chatelain, M., & Ghezzi, D. (2022) · Journal of Neural Engineering · doi:10.1088/1741-2552/ac5a5c · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Sequential epiretinal stimulation improves discrimination in simple shape discrimination tasks only
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Deep Learning--Based Scene Simplification for Bionic Vision
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Visual Prostheses in the Era of Artificial Intelligence Technology
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“9,10,22,24 By this metric, comparison of visual acuity with the device switched ON and OFF showed improvement only for the PRIMA 35 and Argus II 9 devices.”
Influential
- Authors
- Stingl, K., Bartz-Schmidt, K. U., Besch, D., Braun, A., Bruckmann, A., Gekeler, F., Greppmaier, U., Hipp, S., Hörtdörfer, G., Kernstock, C., Koitschev, A., Kusnyerik, A., Sachs, H., Schatz, A., Stingl, K. T., Peters, T., Wilhelm, B., & Zrenner, E.
- Affiliations
- Centre for Ophthalmology, University of Tübingen, Schleichstraße 12–16, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- University of Tübingen (DE)
- Retina Implant AG, Gerhard-Kindler-Straße 8, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany
- Mobility Trainer, Mozartweg 11, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Klinikum Stuttgart (DE)
- Krankenhaus Dresden-Friedrichstadt (DE)
- STZ eyetrial (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Zrenner, Eberhart
- ORCID
- Venue
- Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
- Publisher
- The Royal Society
- Published
- 2013-04-22
- Volume
- 280
- Issue
- 1757
- Pages
- 20130077
- ISSN
- 0080-4649 (ISSN-L)
- 0962-8452
- 1471-2954
- PMC
- PMC3619489
- OpenAlex
- W2155668458
- Cited by
- 473
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 28 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 49 · 2019: 39 · 2018: 32 · 2017: 44 · 2016: 60 · 2015: 52 · 2014: 43 · 2013: 15
- FWCI
- 27.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Retinal Development and Disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Tactile and Sensory Interactions
- Keywords
- subretinal implant, retinal prosthesis, artificial vision, wireless power transfer, inductive power transfer, inherited retinal degeneration, blindness, photoreceptor replacement, visual acuity, light perception, object recognition, letter reading, motion detection
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Blindness, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Photic Stimulation, Prosthesis Design, Visual Acuity, Visual Perception, Implants, Experimental, Photoreceptor Cells, Vertebrate, Visual Prosthesis, Neural Prostheses
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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