CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 730Autism Spectrum Disorder ResearchChild Nutrition and Feeding IssuesGenetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Development in infants with autism spectrum disorders: a prospective study

Landa, Rebecca, Garrett‐Mayer, Elizabeth·2006·Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry
DOI 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01531.x
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Background: Autism is rarely diagnosed before three years of age despite evidence suggesting prenatal abnormalities in neurobiological processes. Little is known about when or how development becomes disrupted in the first two years of life in autism. Such information is needed to facilitate early detection and early intervention. Methods: This prospective study of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) examined development using the Mullen Scales of Early Learning (MSEL) in 87 infants tested at target ages 6, 14, and 24 months. Participants came from infants at high risk (siblings of children with autism) and low risk (no family history of autism) groups. Based on language test scores, Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, and clinical judgment at 24 months of age, participants were categorized as: unaffected, ASD, or language delayed (LD). Longitudinal linear regression and ANOVA models were applied to MSEL raw scores, and estimates were compared between the three diagnostic groups. Results: No statistically significant group differences were detected at 6 months. By 14 months of age, the ASD group performed significantly worse than the unaffected group on all scales except Visual Reception. By 24 months of age, the ASD group performed significantly worse than the unaffected group in all domains, and worse than the language delayed group in Gross Motor, Fine Motor, and Receptive Language. The developmental trajectory of the ASD group was slower than the other groups’, and showed a significant decrease in development between the first and second birthdays. Conclusions: Variations from typical and language delayed development are detectable in many children with ASD using a measure of general development by 24 months of age. Unusual slowing in performance occurred between 14 and 24 months of age in ASD.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01531.x

Cites

53 of 53 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Numerous studies have indicated that some, although not all, children who are later diagnosed as having ASD have delays in motor development, social responsiveness, or language development in the early part of the second year of life, if not before.

    “First, numerous studies have indicated that some, although not all, children who are later diagnosed as having ASD have delays in motor development, social responsiveness, or language development in the early part of the second year of life, if not before (Landa & Garrett-Mayer 2006, Messinger et al. 2013, Mitchell et al. 2006, Zwaigenbaum et al. 2005).”

    From Recent Advances in Autism Research as Reflected in DSM-5 Criteria for Autism Spectrum Disorder (2015) · cites this paper as Landa & Garrett-Mayer 2006

  • Previous studies have used the strategy of contrasting ASD with no ASD outcome collapsed across risk group.

    “Several previous studies have also used the strategy of contrasting ASD with no ASD outcome collapsed across risk group [11, 67–72].”

    From Reduced engagement with social stimuli in 6-month-old infants with later autism spectrum disorder: a longitudinal prospective study of infants at high familial risk (2016) · cites this paper as [67]

  • Standardized measures of general gross motor abilities do not differentiate Sib-A from other high-risk siblings earlier on, with differences appearing only after 14 months of age.

    “standardized measures of general gross motor abilities do not differentiate Sib-A from the other high-risk siblings earlier on (Landa, Gross, Stuart, & Faherty, 2013; Leonard, Elsabbagh, Hill, & The BASIS Team, 2013), with differences appearing only after 14 months of age (Landa & Garrett-Mayer, 2006).”

    From From early markers to neuro-developmental mechanisms of autism (2014) · cites this paper as Landa & Garrett-Mayer, 2006

  • Motor and visual reception differences were detected earlier than reported in previous longitudinal studies of high-risk infants that used standardized developmental measures.

    “Indeed, motor and visual reception differences were detected earlier than reported in previous longitudinal studies of high-risk infants that used standardized developmental measures [21, 34].”

    From Behavioral, cognitive, and adaptive development in infants with autism spectrum disorder in the first 2 years of life (2015) · cites this paper as [21]

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Related

Authors
Landa, R., & Garrett‐Mayer, E.
Affiliations
Kennedy Krieger Institute (US)
Corresponding author
Landa, Rebecca
ORCID
Landa, Rebecca
Venue
Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2006-04-26
Volume
47
Issue
6
Pages
629-638
ISSN
  • 0021-9630 (ISSN-L)
  • 1469-7610
DOI
10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01531.x
OpenAlex
W2118780982
Cited by
730
References
53
Citations by year
2026: 16 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 44 · 2021: 45 · 2020: 58 · 2019: 40 · 2018: 47 · 2017: 44 · 2016: 37 · 2015: 52 · 2014: 36 · 2013: 47 · 2012: 51
FWCI
11.65
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations
  • Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
National Institute of Mental Health (1-R01-MH59630-01A3, R01MH059630)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Keywords
autism spectrum disorder, infant development, early detection, developmental delay, language delay, siblings of autistic children, developmental trajectories, motor development, receptive language, Mullen Scales of Early Learning
MeSH terms
Algorithms, Autistic Disorder, Developmental Disabilities, Child, Preschool, Communication Disorders, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Infant, Language Development Disorders, Male, Prospective Studies, Severity of Illness Index, Motor Skills Disorders

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review