Melanopsin-Containing Retinal Ganglion Cells: Architecture, Projections, and Intrinsic Photosensitivity

Hattar, S.; Liao, H.-W.; Takao, M.; Berson, D. M.; Yau, K.-W.

doi:10.1126/science.1069609

Cited by 2,734Circadian rhythm and melatoninRetinal Development and DisordersPhotoreceptor and optogenetics research

Melanopsin-Containing Retinal Ganglion Cells: Architecture, Projections, and Intrinsic Photosensitivity

Open access

Hattar, S., Liao, H.-W., Takao, M., Berson, D. M., Yau, K.-W.·2002·Science

DOI 10.1126/science.1069609PMC PMC2885915

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

The primary circadian pacemaker, in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the mammalian brain, is photoentrained by light signals from the eyes through the retinohypothalamic tract. Retinal rod and cone cells are not required for photoentrainment. Recent evidence suggests that the entraining photoreceptors are retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) that project to the SCN. The visual pigment for this photoreceptor may be melanopsin, an opsin-like protein whose coding messenger RNA is found in a subset of mammalian RGCs. By cloning rat melanopsin and generating specific antibodies, we show that melanopsin is present in cell bodies, dendrites, and proximal axonal segments of a subset of rat RGCs. In mice heterozygous for tau-lacZ targeted to the melanopsin gene locus, β-galactosidase–positive RGC axons projected to the SCN and other brain nuclei involved in circadian photoentrainment or the pupillary light reflex. Rat RGCs that exhibited intrinsic photosensitivity invariably expressed melanopsin. Hence, melanopsin is most likely the visual pigment of phototransducing RGCs that set the circadian clock and initiate other non–image-forming visual functions.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1126/science.1069609

Cites

2 of 2 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

We couldn’t retrieve this paper’s full text, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Photoreceptor cells containing melanopsin play a role in the phase-shifting effects of short-wavelength light.
“Photoreceptor cells containing melanopsin play a role in the phase-shifting effects of short-wavelength light.”
From Low-intensity blue-enriched white light (750 lux) and standard bright light (10 000 lux) are equally effective in treating SAD. A randomized controlled study (2011) · cites this paper as [6]

Phototransduction by retinal ganglion cells that set the circadian clock
Berson, D. M., Dunn, F. A., & Takao, M. (2002) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1067262 · Cited by 3,629 · see citing works
Self-citation
Dynamics of EEG Slow-Wave Activity and Core Body Temperature in Human Sleep After Exposure to Bright Light
(1992) · Sleep · doi:10.1093/sleep/15.4.337 · Cited by 86 · see citing works

Flagged first, then by citations

Sorted by citations

Coordination of circadian timing in mammals
Reppert, S. M., & Weaver, D. R. (2002) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature00965 · Cited by 4,379 · see citing works
Phototransduction by retinal ganglion cells that set the circadian clock
Berson, D. M., Dunn, F. A., & Takao, M. (2002) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1067262 · Cited by 3,629 · see citing works
Self-citation
The mammalian circadian timing system: organization and coordination of central and peripheral clocks
Dibner, C., Schibler, U., & Albrecht, U. (2010) · Annual Review of Physiology · doi:10.1146/annurev-physiol-021909-135821 · Cited by 2,421 · see citing works
Sleep state switching
Saper, C. B., Fuller, P. M., Pedersen, N. P., Lu, J., & Scammell, T. E. (2010) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2010.11.032 · Cited by 1,404 · see citing works
Melanopsin-expressing ganglion cells in primate retina signal colour and irradiance and project to the LGN
Dacey, D. M., Liao, H.-W., Peterson, B. B., Robinson, F. R., Smith, V. C., Pokorny, J., Yau, K.-W., & Gamlin, P. D. (2005) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature03387 · Cited by 1,333 · see citing works
Self-citation
Measuring and using light in the melanopsin age
Lucas, R. J., Peirson, S. N., Berson, D. M., Brown, T. M., Cooper, H. M., Czeisler, C. A., Figueiro, M. G., Gamlin, P. D., Lockley, S. W., O’Hagan, J. B., et al. (2014) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/j.tins.2013.10.004 · Cited by 1,278 · see citing works
Self-citation
Melanopsin and rod-cone photoreceptive systems account for all major accessory visual functions in mice
Hattar, S., Lucas, R. J., Mrosovsky, N., Thompson, S., Douglas, R. H., Hankins, M. W., Lem, J., Biel, M., Hofmann, F., Foster, R. G., et al. (2003) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature01761 · Cited by 1,245 · see citing works
Self-citation
Light as a central modulator of circadian rhythms, sleep and affect
LeGates, T. A., Fernandez, D. C., & Hattar, S. (2014) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn3743 · Cited by 1,001 · see citing works
Self-citation
Central projections of melanopsin‐expressing retinal ganglion cells in the mouse
Hattar, S., Kumar, M., Park, A., Tong, P., Tung, J., Yau, K., & Berson, D. M. (2006) · Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.20970 · Cited by 996 · see citing works
Self-citation
The Neurobiology of Sleep: Genetics, cellular physiology and subcortical networks
Pace-Schott, E. F., & Hobson, J. A. (2002) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn895 · Cited by 937 · see citing works
Melanopsin ( Opn4 ) Requirement for Normal Light-Induced Circadian Phase Shifting
Panda, S., Sato, T. K., Castrucci, A. M., Rollag, M. D., DeGrip, W. J., Hogenesch, J. B., Provencio, I., & Kay, S. A. (2002) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1076848 · Cited by 861 · see citing works
The Types of Retinal Ganglion Cells: Current Status and Implications for Neuronal Classification
Sanes, J. R., & Masland, R. H. (2015) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev-neuro-071714-034120 · Cited by 789 · see citing works
Generation of the Melatonin Endocrine Message in Mammals: A Review of the Complex Regulation of Melatonin Synthesis by Norepinephrine, Peptides, and Other Pineal Transmitters
Simonneaux, V., & Ribelayga, C. (2003) · Pharmacological Reviews · doi:10.1124/pr.55.2.2 · Cited by 740 · see citing works
Molecular components of the mammalian circadian clock
Buhr, E. D., & Takahashi, J. S. (2013) · Handbook of experimental pharmacology · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-25950-0_1 · Cited by 738 · see citing works
Melanopsin is required for non-image-forming photic responses in blind mice
Panda, S., Provencio, I., Tu, D. C., Pires, S. S., Rollag, M. D., Castrucci, A. M., Pletcher, M. T., Sato, T. K., Wiltshire, T., Andahazy, M., et al. (2003) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1086179 · Cited by 711 · see citing works
The circadian clock: pacemaker and tumour suppressor
Fu, L., & Lee, C. C. (2003) · Nature reviews. Cancer · doi:10.1038/nrc1072 · Cited by 678 · see citing works
Circadian rhythm disturbances in depression
Germain, A., & Kupfer, D. J. (2008) · Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental · doi:10.1002/hup.964 · Cited by 644 · see citing works
Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorders: Part I, Basic Principles, Shift Work and Jet Lag Disorders
Sack, R. L., Auckley, D., Auger, R. R., Carskadon, M. A., Wright, K. P., Vitiello, M. V., & Zhdanova, I. V. (2007) · Sleep · doi:10.1093/sleep/30.11.1460 · Cited by 650 · see citing works
Recommendations for daytime, evening, and nighttime indoor light exposure to best support physiology, sleep, and wakefulness in healthy adults
Brown, T. M., Brainard, G. C., Cajochen, C., Czeisler, C. A., Hanifin, J. P., Lockley, S. W., Lucas, R. J., Münch, M., O’Hagan, J. B., Peirson, S. N., et al. (2022) · PLOS Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3001571 · Cited by 659 · see citing works
Aberrant light directly impairs mood and learning through melanopsin-expressing neurons
LeGates, T. A., Altimus, C. M., Wang, H., Lee, H.-K., Yang, S., Zhao, H., Kirkwood, A., Weber, E. T., & Hattar, S. (2012) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature11673 · Cited by 577 · see citing works
Self-citation
Blue-enriched white light in the workplace improves self-reported alertness, performance and sleep quality
Viola, A. U., James, L. M., Schlangen, L. J., & Dijk, D.-J. (2008) · Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health · doi:10.5271/sjweh.1268 · Cited by 565 · see citing works
A neural mechanism for exacerbation of headache by light
Noseda, R., Kainz, V., Jakubowski, M., Gooley, J. J., Saper, C. B., Digre, K., & Burstein, R. (2010) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn.2475 · Cited by 565 · see citing works
Non-visual effects of light on melatonin, alertness and cognitive performance: can blue-enriched light keep US alert?
Chellappa, S. L., Steiner, R., Blattner, P., Oelhafen, P., Götz, T., & Cajochen, C. (2011) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0016429 · Cited by 546 · see citing works
Strange vision: ganglion cells as circadian photoreceptors
Berson, D. (2003) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/s0166-2236(03)00130-9 · Cited by 546 · see citing works
Self-citation
White Collar-1, a Circadian Blue Light Photoreceptor, Binding to the frequency Promoter
Froehlich, A. C., Liu, Y., Loros, J. J., & Dunlap, J. C. (2002) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1073681 · Cited by 520 · see citing works
Light Affects Mood and Learning through Distinct Retina-Brain Pathways
Fernandez, D. C., Fogerson, P. M., Lazzerini Ospri, L., Thomsen, M. B., Layne, R. M., Severin, D., Zhan, J., Singer, J. H., Kirkwood, A., Zhao, H., et al. (2018) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2018.08.004 · Cited by 505 · see citing works
Self-citation
Effects of blue light on the circadian system and eye physiology
Tosini, G., Ferguson, I., & Tsubota, K. (2016) · Molecular Vision · doi:10.63500/mv_v22_61 · Cited by 517 · see citing works
The RNA binding protein RBPMS is a selective marker of ganglion cells in the mammalian retina
Rodriguez, A. R., de Sevilla Müller, L. P., & Brecha, N. C. (2014) · Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.23521 · Cited by 483 · see citing works
Sleep and Circadian Rhythms in Humans
Czeisler, C. A., & Gooley, J. J. (2007) · Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology · doi:10.1101/sqb.2007.72.064 · Cited by 425 · see citing works
LEDs for photons, physiology and food
Pattison, P. M., Tsao, J. Y., Brainard, G. C., & Bugbee, B. (2018) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-018-0706-x · Cited by 410 · see citing works
Circadian system, sleep and endocrinology
Morris, C. J., Aeschbach, D., & Scheer, F. A. J. L. (2012) · Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.mce.2011.09.003 · Cited by 403 · see citing works
Spatiotemporal single-cell analysis of gene expression in the mouse suprachiasmatic nucleus
Wen, S., Ma, D., Zhao, M., Xie, L., Wu, Q., Gou, L., Zhu, C., Fan, Y., Wang, H., & Yan, J. (2020) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/s41593-020-0586-x · Cited by 328 · see citing works
Human melanopsin forms a pigment maximally sensitive to blue light ( λ max ≈ 479 nm) supporting activation of G q /11 and G i/o signalling cascades
Bailes, H. J., & Lucas, R. J. (2013) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2012.2987 · Cited by 319 · see citing works
Restoration of visual function in retinal degeneration mice by ectopic expression of melanopsin
Lin, B., Koizumi, A., Tanaka, N., Panda, S., & Masland, R. H. (2008) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0806114105 · Cited by 302 · see citing works
Acute alerting effects of light: A systematic literature review
Souman, J. L., Tinga, A. M., te Pas, S. F., van Ee, R., & Vlaskamp, B. N. S. (2018) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2017.09.016 · Cited by 293 · see citing works
Chemistry and Biology of Vision
Palczewski, K. (2012) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.r111.301150 · Cited by 289 · see citing works
Acute exposure to evening blue‐enriched light impacts on human sleep
Chellappa, S. L., Steiner, R., Oelhafen, P., Lang, D., Götz, T., Krebs, J., & Cajochen, C. (2013) · Journal of Sleep Research · doi:10.1111/jsr.12050 · Cited by 283 · see citing works
Blue blocker glasses as a countermeasure for alerting effects of evening light-emitting diode screen exposure in male teenagers
van der Lely, S., Frey, S., Garbazza, C., Wirz-Justice, A., Jenni, O. G., Steiner, R., Wolf, S., Cajochen, C., Bromundt, V., & Schmidt, C. (2015) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2014.08.002 · Cited by 290 · see citing works
Wavelength-dependent modulation of brain responses to a working memory task by daytime light exposure
Vandewalle, G., Gais, S., Schabus, M., Balteau, E., Carrier, J., Darsaud, A., Sterpenich, V., Albouy, G., Dijk, D. J., & Maquet, P. (2007) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhm007 · Cited by 277 · see citing works
Circadian light
Rea, M. S., Figueiro, M. G., Bierman, A., & Bullough, J. D. (2010) · Journal of Circadian Rhythms · doi:10.1186/1740-3391-8-2 · Cited by 279 · see citing works
A “Melanopic” Spectral Efficiency Function Predicts the Sensitivity of Melanopsin Photoreceptors to Polychromatic Lights
Enezi, J. A., Revell, V., Brown, T., Wynne, J., Schlangen, L., & Lucas, R. (2011) · Journal of Biological Rhythms · doi:10.1177/0748730411409719 · Cited by 278 · see citing works
Bright Light Treatment in Elderly Patients With Nonseasonal Major Depressive Disorder: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial
Lieverse, R., Van Someren, E. J. W., Nielen, M. M. A., Uitdehaag, B. M. J., Smit, J. H., & Hoogendijk, W. J. G. (2011) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2010.183 · Cited by 261 · see citing works
Sensitivity of the Human Circadian System to Short-Wavelength (420-nm) Light
Brainard, G. C., Sliney, D., Hanifin, J. P., Glickman, G., Byrne, B., Greeson, J. M., Jasser, S., Gerner, E., & Rollag, M. D. (2008) · Journal of Biological Rhythms · doi:10.1177/0748730408323089 · Cited by 260 · see citing works
Light and the laboratory mouse
Peirson, S. N., Brown, L. A., Pothecary, C. A., Benson, L. A., & Fisk, A. S. (2018) · Journal of Neuroscience Methods · doi:10.1016/j.jneumeth.2017.04.007 · Cited by 234 · see citing works
“These cells were shown to be directly photosensitive and projected to the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN), the site of the master circadian oscillator in mammals (Hattar et al., 2002).”
A direct and melanopsin-dependent fetal light response regulates mouse eye development
Rao, S., Chun, C., Fan, J., Kofron, J. M., Yang, M. B., Hegde, R. S., Ferrara, N., Copenhagen, D. R., & Lang, R. A. (2013) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature11823 · Cited by 240 · see citing works
Effects of circadian disruption on the cardiometabolic system
Rüger, M., & Scheer, F. A. J. L. (2009) · Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders · doi:10.1007/s11154-009-9122-8 · Cited by 232 · see citing works
The spectral composition of evening light and individual differences in the suppression of melatonin and delay of sleep in humans
Santhi, N., Thorne, H. C., van der Veen, D. R., Johnsen, S., Mills, S. L., Hommes, V., Schlangen, L. J. M., Archer, S. N., & Dijk, D. (2012) · Journal of Pineal Research · doi:10.1111/j.1600-079x.2011.00970.x · Cited by 219 · see citing works
The impact of the circadian timing system on cardiovascular and metabolic function
Morris, C. J., Yang, J. N., & Scheer, F. A. J. L. (2012) · Progress in Brain Research · doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-59427-3.00019-8 · Cited by 215 · see citing works
Food as a circadian time cue - evidence from human studies
Lewis, P., Oster, H., Korf, H. W., Foster, R. G., & Erren, T. C. (2020) · Nature Reviews Endocrinology · doi:10.1038/s41574-020-0318-z · Cited by 207 · see citing works
Efficacy of a single sequence of intermittent bright light pulses for delaying circadian phase in humans
Gronfier, C., Wright, K. P., Kronauer, R. E., Jewett, M. E., & Czeisler, C. A. (2004) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00385.2003 · Cited by 212 · see citing works
Wavelength-dependent effects of evening light exposure on sleep architecture and sleep EEG power density in men
Münch, M., Kobialka, S., Steiner, R., Oelhafen, P., Wirz-Justice, A., & Cajochen, C. (2006) · American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00478.2005 · Cited by 202 · see citing works
The chronotherapeutic treatment of bipolar disorders: A systematic review and practice recommendations from the ISBD task force on chronotherapy and chronobiology
Gottlieb, J. F., Benedetti, F., Geoffroy, P. A., Henriksen, T. E. G., Lam, R. W., Murray, G., Phelps, J., Sit, D., Swartz, H. A., Crowe, M., et al. (2019) · Bipolar Disorders · doi:10.1111/bdi.12847 · Cited by 196 · see citing works
Neuropsin (Opn5): a novel opsin identified in mammalian neural tissue1
Tarttelin, E. E., Bellingham, J., Hankins, M. W., Foster, R. G., & Lucas, R. J. (2003) · FEBS Letters · doi:10.1016/s0014-5793(03)01212-2 · Cited by 198 · see citing works
How rod, cone, and melanopsin photoreceptors come together to enlighten the mammalian circadian clock
Lucas, R. J., Lall, G. S., Allen, A. E., & Brown, T. M. (2012) · Progress in brain research · doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-59427-3.00001-0 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
Genetic address book for retinal cell types
Siegert, S., Scherf, B. G., Del Punta, K., Didkovsky, N., Heintz, N., & Roska, B. (2009) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn.2370 · Cited by 188 · see citing works
Melanopsin expressing human retinal ganglion cells: Subtypes, distribution, and intraretinal connectivity
Hannibal, J., Christiansen, A. T., Heegaard, S., Fahrenkrug, J., & Kiilgaard, J. F. (2017) · Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.24181 · Cited by 169 · see citing works
Individual differences in light sensitivity affect sleep and circadian rhythms
Chellappa, S. L. (2021) · Sleep · doi:10.1093/sleep/zsaa214 · Cited by 163 · see citing works
NREM and REM Sleep: Complementary Roles in Recovery after Wakefulness
Vyazovskiy, V. V., & Delogu, A. (2014) · The Neuroscientist · doi:10.1177/1073858413518152 · Cited by 169 · see citing works
Evening light exposure to computer screens disrupts human sleep, biological rhythms, and attention abilities
Green, A., Cohen-Zion, M., Haim, A., & Dagan, Y. (2017) · Chronobiology International · doi:10.1080/07420528.2017.1324878 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
Can light make us bright? Effects of light on cognition and sleep
Chellappa, S. L., Gordijn, M. C. M., & Cajochen, C. (2011) · Progress in brain research · doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-53817-8.00007-4 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Daily and seasonal variation in the spectral composition of light exposure in humans
Thorne, H. C., Jones, K. H., Peters, S. P., Archer, S. N., & Dijk, D.-J. (2009) · Chronobiology International · doi:10.1080/07420520903044315 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
Effects of artificial dawn and morning blue light on daytime cognitive performance, well-being, cortisol and melatonin levels
Gabel, V., Maire, M., Reichert, C. F., Chellappa, S. L., Schmidt, C., Hommes, V., Viola, A. U., & Cajochen, C. (2013) · Chronobiology International · doi:10.3109/07420528.2013.793196 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
Nonvisual Responses to Light Exposure in the Human Brain during the Circadian Night
Perrin, F., Peigneux, P., Fuchs, S., Verhaeghe, S., Laureys, S., Middleton, B., Degueldre, C., Del Fiore, G., Vandewalle, G., Balteau, E., et al. (2004) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2004.09.082 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Evening exposure to blue light stimulates the expression of the clock gene PER2 in humans
Cajochen, C., Jud, C., Münch, M., Kobialka, S., Wirz‐Justice, A., & Albrecht, U. (2006) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2006.04613.x · Cited by 144 · see citing works
The Efficacy of Light Therapy in the Treatment of Seasonal Affective Disorder: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Pjrek, E., Friedrich, M.-E., Cambioli, L., Dold, M., Jäger, F., Komorowski, A., Lanzenberger, R., Kasper, S., & Winkler, D. (2020) · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics · doi:10.1159/000502891 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
The Coevolution of Blue-Light Photoreception and Circadian Rhythms
Gehring, W., & Rosbash, M. (2003) · Journal of Molecular Evolution · doi:10.1007/s00239-003-0038-8 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Chronodisruption and cancer
Erren, T. C., Pape, H. G., Reiter, R. J., & Piekarski, C. (2008) · Naturwissenschaften · doi:10.1007/s00114-007-0335-y · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Day and night light exposure are associated with psychiatric disorders: an objective light study in >85,000 people
Burns, A. C., Windred, D. P., Rutter, M. K., Olivier, P., Vetter, C., Saxena, R., Lane, J. M., Phillips, A. J. K., & Cain, S. W. (2023) · Nature Mental Health · doi:10.1038/s44220-023-00135-8 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Genetics of the human circadian clock and sleep homeostat
Ashbrook, L. H., Krystal, A. D., Fu, Y.-H., & Ptáček, L. J. (2020) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/s41386-019-0476-7 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Mammalian circadian systems: Organization and modern life challenges
Finger, A., & Kramer, A. (2021) · Acta Physiologica · doi:10.1111/apha.13548 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Lipids around the Clock: Focus on Circadian Rhythms and Lipid Metabolism
Gnocchi, D., Pedrelli, M., Hurt-Camejo, E., & Parini, P. (2015) · Biology · doi:10.3390/biology4010104 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Phase advancing the human circadian clock with blue-enriched polychromatic light
Smith, M. R., Revell, V. L., & Eastman, C. I. (2009) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2008.05.005 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Adjunctive Bright Light in Non‐Seasonal Major Depression
Martiny, K. (2004) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.2004.00460_2.x · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Photic Entrainment of the Circadian System
Ashton, A., Foster, R., & Jagannath, A. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms23020729 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Vertebrate ancient opsin and melanopsin: divergent irradiance detectors
Davies, W. L., Hankins, M. W., & Foster, R. G. (2010) · Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences · doi:10.1039/c0pp00203h · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Phase Delaying the Human Circadian Clock with Blue-Enriched Polychromatic Light
Smith, M. R., & Eastman, C. I. (2009) · Chronobiology International · doi:10.1080/07420520902927742 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Low-intensity blue-enriched white light (750 lux) and standard bright light (10 000 lux) are equally effective in treating SAD. A randomized controlled study
Meesters, Y., Dekker, V., Schlangen, L. J., Bos, E. H., & Ruiter, M. J. (2011) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/1471-244x-11-17 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
“A recent scientific development has been the discovery of a novel photoreceptor, melanopsin, within the basal ganglia of the retina [ 4-6 ].”
Background
Non-circadian direct effects of light on sleep and alertness: Lessons from transgenic mouse models
Hubbard, J., Ruppert, E., Gropp, C.-M., & Bourgin, P. (2013) · Sleep Medicine Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2012.12.004 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Retina, retinol, retinal and the natural history of vitamin A as a light sensor
Zhong, M., Kawaguchi, R., Kassai, M., & Sun, H. (2012) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu4122069 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Melanopsin-expressing retinal ganglion cells: implications for human diseases
La Morgia, C., Ross-Cisneros, F. N., Hannibal, J., Montagna, P., Sadun, A. A., & Carelli, V. (2011) · Vision Research · doi:10.1016/j.visres.2010.07.023 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
The etiology of delayed sleep phase disorder
Micic, G., Lovato, N., Gradisar, M., Ferguson, S. A., Burgess, H. J., & Lack, L. C. (2016) · Sleep Medicine Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2015.06.004 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Retinal Ganglion Cell Types and Their Central Projections
Berson, D. M. (2008) · The Senses: A Comprehensive Reference · doi:10.1016/b978-012370880-9.00280-2 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Self-citation
What keeps us awake?–the role of clocks and hourglasses, light, and melatonin
Cajochen, C., Chellappa, S., & Schmidt, C. (2010) · International review of neurobiology · doi:10.1016/s0074-7742(10)93003-1 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Loss of Circadian Photoentrainment and Abnormal Retinal Electrophysiology in Math5 Mutant Mice
Brzezinski, J. A., Brown, N. L., Tanikawa, A., Bush, R. A., Sieving, P. A., Vitaterna, M. H., Takahashi, J. S., & Glaser, T. (2005) · Investigative Opthalmology & Visual Science · doi:10.1167/iovs.04-1123 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Light-induced melatonin suppression at night after exposure to different wavelength composition of morning light
Kozaki, T., Kubokawa, A., Taketomi, R., & Hatae, K. (2016) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2015.12.063 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Duplication and divergence of zebrafish CRALBP genes uncovers novel role for RPE- and Muller-CRALBP in cone vision
Collery, R., McLoughlin, S., Vendrell, V., Finnegan, J., Crabb, J. W., Saari, J. C., & Kennedy, B. N. (2008) · Investigative Opthalmology & Visual Science · doi:10.1167/iovs.08-1957 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
ENLIGHT: A consensus checklist for reporting laboratory-based studies on the non-visual effects of light in humans
Spitschan, M., Kervezee, L., Lok, R., McGlashan, E., Najjar, R. P., Allen, A. E., Andersen, M., Bará, S., Blattner, P., Blume, C., et al. (2023) · eBioMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104889 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Evidence for an impact of melanopsin activation on unique white perception
Cao, D., Chang, A., & Gai, S. (2018) · Journal of the Optical Society of America A · doi:10.1364/josaa.35.00b287 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
In Vivo Gene Delivery in the Retina Using Polyethylenimine
Liao, H.-W., & Yau, K.-W. (2007) · BioTechniques · doi:10.2144/000112404 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Self-citation
When should I eat: A circadian view on food intake and metabolic regulation
Chamorro, R., Jouffe, C., Oster, H., Uhlenhaut, N. H., & Meyhöfer, S. M. (2023) · Acta Physiologica · doi:10.1111/apha.13936 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Electrical induction of vision
Tehovnik, E. J., & Slocum, W. M. (2013) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2013.03.012 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Effect of blue-blocking glasses in major depressive disorder with sleep onset insomnia: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
Esaki, Y., Kitajima, T., Takeuchi, I., Tsuboi, S., Furukawa, O., Moriwaki, M., Fujita, K., & Iwata, N. (2017) · Chronobiology International · doi:10.1080/07420528.2017.1318893 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
A Short History of Nearly Every Sense—The Evolutionary History of Vertebrate Sensory Cell Types
Schlosser, G. (2018) · Integrative and Comparative Biology · doi:10.1093/icb/icy024 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Impact of age on human non-visual responses to light
REVELL, V. L., & SKENE, D. J. (2010) · Sleep and Biological Rhythms · doi:10.1111/j.1479-8425.2009.00418.x · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Cellular properties of intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells during postnatal development
Lucas, J. A., & Schmidt, T. M. (2019) · Neural Development · doi:10.1186/s13064-019-0132-2 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Light color importance for circadian entrainment in a diurnal (Octodon degus) and a nocturnal (Rattus norvegicus) rodent
Bonmati-Carrion, M. A., Baño-Otalora, B., Madrid, J. A., & Rol, M. A. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-017-08691-7 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Direct visual and circadian pathways target neuroendocrine cells in primates
Abizaid, A., Horvath, B., Keefe, D. L., Leranth, C., & Horvath, T. L. (2004) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2004.03737.x · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Melatonin and cortisol profiles in the absence of light perception
Aubin, S., Kupers, R., Ptito, M., & Jennum, P. (2017) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2016.09.060 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
When is a proxy not a proxy? The foibles of studying non‐image forming light
Zeitzer, J. M. (2018) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jp276076 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Aging of the mammalian circadian timing system: changes in the central pacemaker and its regulation by photic and nonphotic signals
Duncan, M. J. (2006) · Neuroembryology and Aging · doi:10.1159/000103735 · Cited by 14 · see citing works

Authors: Hattar, S., Liao, H.-W., Takao, M., Berson, D. M., & Yau, K.-W.
Affiliations: Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
Neuroscience and
Brown University (US)
Corresponding author: Hattar, S.
Liao, H.-W.
Yau, K.-W.
ORCID: Hattar, S.
Liao, H.-W.
Berson, D. M.
Yau, K.-W.
Venue: Science
Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Published: 2002-02-08
Volume: 295
Issue: 5557
Pages: 1065-1070
ISSN: 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
1095-9203
DOI: 10.1126/science.1069609
PMC: PMC2885915
OpenAlex: W2035853180
Cited by: 2,734
References: 2
Citations by year: 2026: 111 · 2025: 132 · 2024: 126 · 2023: 147 · 2022: 146 · 2021: 161 · 2020: 162 · 2019: 174 · 2018: 143 · 2017: 150 · 2016: 125 · 2015: 107 · 2014: 127 · 2013: 90 · 2012: 101
FWCI: 27.07
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Locations: Science (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Eye Institute (R37EY006837)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Retinal Development and Disorders
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Photoreceptor and optogenetics research
Keywords: melanopsin, retinal ganglion cells, circadian photoentrainment, suprachiasmatic nucleus, retinohypothalamic tract, non-image-forming vision, pupillary light reflex
MeSH terms: Melanopsin, Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, Axons, beta-Galactosidase, Biological Clocks, Brain, Cell Membrane, Circadian Rhythm, Cloning, Molecular, Dendrites, Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Lac Operon, Light, Molecular Sequence Data, Optic Nerve, Retinal Ganglion Cells, Suprachiasmatic Nucleus, Visual Pathways, Rod Opsins, Microscopy, Confocal, Mice, Rats

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Melanopsin-Containing Retinal Ganglion Cells: Architecture, Projections, and Intrinsic Photosensitivity

Abstract

Integrity signals

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Cites

Cited by

Record

About these checks