Neural Responses to Monetary Incentives in Major Depression
Open accessAbstract
Background Reduced responsiveness to positive incentives is a central feature of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). In the present study, we compared neural correlates of monetary incentive processing in unmedicated depressed participants and never-depressed control subjects.Methods Fourteen currently depressed and 12 never-depressed participants underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging while participating in a monetary incentive delay task. During the task, participants were cued to anticipate and respond to a rapidly presented target to gain or avoid losing varying amounts of money.Results Depressed and never-depressed participants did not differ in nucleus accumbens (NAcc) activation or in affective or behavioral responses during gain anticipation. Depressed participants did, however, exhibit increasing anterior cingulate activation during anticipation of increasing gains, whereas never-depressed participants showed increasing anterior cingulate activation during anticipation of increasing loss. Depressed participants also showed reduced discrimination of gain versus nongain outcomes.Conclusions The present findings indicate that although unmedicated depressed individuals have the capacity to experience positive arousal and recruit NAcc activation during gain anticipation, they also exhibit increased anterior cingulate cortex activation, suggestive of increased conflict during anticipation of gains, in addition to showing reduced discrimination of gain versus nongain outcomes.
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Knutson et al. reported intact striatal function but increased ACC activation in depression during reward anticipation.
“but see Knutson et al. [229] for a report of intact striatal function but increased ACC activation in depression during reward anticipation”
From Reward circuitry dysfunction in psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders and genetic syndromes: animal models and clinical findings (2012) · cites this paper as [229]
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- Authors
- Knutson, B., Bhanji, J. P., Cooney, R. E., Atlas, L. Y., & Gotlib, I. H.
- Affiliations
- Stanford University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Knutson, Brian
- Venue
- Biological Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2008-04
- Volume
- 63
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 686-692
- ISSN
- 0006-3223 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2290738
- OpenAlex
- W2031238076
- Cited by
- 496
- References
- 73
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 38 · 2020: 31 · 2019: 35 · 2018: 27 · 2017: 37 · 2016: 39 · 2015: 40 · 2014: 32 · 2013: 32 · 2012: 24
- FWCI
- 8.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Biological Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH59259, R01MH059259)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
- Keywords
- major depressive disorder, financial incentives, reward processing, loss anticipation, nucleus accumbens, anterior cingulate cortex, conflict, untreated depression, neural correlates of depression
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Affect, Cues, Depressive Disorder, Major, Major Depressive Disorder, Economics, Female, Gyrus Cinguli, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Neurons, Nucleus Accumbens, Reward, Prefrontal Cortex, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
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