The DOI matches its Crossref record; 63 of the 63 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Behavioral inhibition, behavioral activation, and affective responses to impending reward and punishment: The BIS/BAS scales
Abstract
J. A. Gray (1981, 1982) holds that 2 general motivational systems underlie behavior and affect: a behavioral inhibition system (BIS) and a behavioral activation system (BAS). Self-report scales to assess dispositional BIS and BAS sensitivities were created. Scale development (Study 1) and convergent and discriminant validity in the form of correlations with alternative measures are reported (Study 2). In Study 3, a situation in which Ss anticipated a punishment was created. Controlling for initial nervousness, Ss high in BIS sensitivity (assessed earlier) were more nervous than those low in BIS sensitivity. In Study 4, a situation in which Ss anticipated a reward was created. Controlling for initial happiness, Ss high in BAS sensitivity (Reward Responsiveness and Drive scales) were happier than those low in BAS sensitivity. In each case the new scales predicted better than an alternative measure. Discussion is focused on conceptual implications.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Risk-taking behavior was assessed in two separate ways by using a well validated laboratory risk-taking task (Lejuez et al., 2002(Lejuez et al., , 2003(Lejuez et al., , 2007; the BART) and using a self-report risk-taking tendency questionnaire (BIS/BAS; Carver and White, 1994).”
From Longitudinal Changes in Adolescent Risk-Taking: A Comprehensive Study of Neural Responses to Rewards, Pubertal Development, and Risk-Taking Behavior (2015) · cites this paper as Carver and White, 1994
In the citing paper
“It is likely, then, that Fun Seeking and Drive, with their reference to pursuit of desired goals (Carver & White, 1994), represent a more prototypical or faithful operationalization of approach motivation than Reward Responsiveness.”
From The mnemonic mover: Nostalgia regulates avoidance and approach motivation (2014) · cites this paper as Carver & White, 1994
In the citing paper
“Notably, previous research has shown that, whereas Fun Seeking and Drive are negatively correlated with BIS, Reward Responsiveness is positively correlated with BIS (Carver & White, 1994).”
From The mnemonic mover: Nostalgia regulates avoidance and approach motivation (2014) · cites this paper as Carver & White, 1994
In the citing paper
“We also replicated two gender differences documented by Carver and White (1994).”
From The mnemonic mover: Nostalgia regulates avoidance and approach motivation (2014) · cites this paper as Carver and White (1994)
In the citing paper
“While speculative, this account of gender differences is consistent with the finding that women score higher than men on both the behavioral inhibition scale and the reward sensitivity subscale of the behavioral activation scale (Carver & White, 1994; Gard & Kring, 2007).”
From Gender Differences in Emotion Regulation: An fMRI Study of Cognitive Reappraisal (2008) · cites this paper as Carver & White, 1994
In the citing paper
“Although self-report [743-745] and behavioral [209,746] measures of reward capacity have been developed, their association to neurobiological function has proven to be limited.”
From Reward circuitry dysfunction in psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders and genetic syndromes: animal models and clinical findings (2012) · cites this paper as [743]
In the citing paper
“It is worth noting that many theories posit that beliefs about the self (including self-concept and self-esteem and mindset/implicit theory of self attributes) are important causes of human behavior and learning (Bandura, 1997;Carver & White, 1994;Deci & Ryan, 2000;Molden & Dweck, 2006).”
From Motivation-Achievement Cycles in Learning: a Literature Review and Research Agenda (2022) · cites this paper as Carver & White, 1994
In the citing paper
“Measures were standardized and averaged to form a N composite, with a Cronbach's alpha of .85 (Griffith et al., 2007; Zinbarg et al., 2009).”
From Prospective prediction of major depressive disorder from cortisol awakening responses in adolescence (2010) · cites this paper as Carver and White, 1994
In the citing paper
“Two core features of depression are elevations in negative valence system (NVS) functioning and reductions in positive valence system (PVS) functioning.”
From Bringing light into darkness: A multiple baseline mixed methods case series evaluation of Augmented Depression Therapy (ADepT) (2019) · cites this paper as Carver & White, 1994
Citations
Cites
Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales.
Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Tellegen, A. (1988) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.54.6.1063 · Cited by 32,433
Optimism, coping, and health: Assessment and implications of generalized outcome expectancies.
Scheier, M. F., & Carver, C. S. (1985) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/0278-6133.4.3.219 · Cited by 6,690
Self-citationTests for comparing elements of a correlation matrix
Steiger, J. H. (1980) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.87.2.245 · Cited by 4,621 · cited 2×
“45) than to the BIS (T = 5.38, p< .01; Steiger, 1980).”
InfluentialGray, J. A. (1982) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x00013066 · Cited by 4,477
A Systematic Method for Clinical Description and Classification of Personality Variants: A Proposal
Cloninger, C. R. (1987) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1987.01800180093014 · Cited by 3,678
The psychology of fear and stress
(1988) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.26-2399 · Cited by 3,133
A personality scale of manifest anxiety
Taylor, J. A. (1953) · The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0056264 · Cited by 3,131
The Biological Basis of Personality
Eysenck, H. J. (2017) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781351305280 · Cited by 2,988
Handbook of Psychopharmacology
Iversen, L. L., Iversen, S. D., & Snyder, S. H. (1988) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-0933-8 · Cited by 2,756
Origins and functions of positive and negative affect: A control-process view.
Carver, C. S., & Scheier, M. F. (1990) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.97.1.19 · Cited by 2,726
Self-citation
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 201–300 of 334
Psychometric properties of Carver and White's (1994) BIS/BAS Scales in a large sample of offenders
Poythress, N. G., Skeem, J. L., Weir, J., Lilienfeld, S. O., Douglas, K. S., Edens, J. F., & Kennealy, P. J. (2008) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2008.07.021 · Cited by 106
Han, S., Huettel, S. A., Raposo, A., Adcock, R. A., & Dobbins, I. G. (2010) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.3077-09.2010 · Cited by 106
A novel, online social cognitive training program for young adults with schizophrenia: A pilot study
Nahum, M., Fisher, M., Loewy, R., Poelke, G., Ventura, J., Nuechterlein, K. H., Hooker, C. I., Green, M. F., Merzenich, M. M., & Vinogradov, S. (2014) · Schizophrenia Research: Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.scog.2014.01.003 · Cited by 106
“(i) Motivation: The self-report Behavioral Inhibition Scale/Behavioral Activation Scale (BIS/BAS; Carver and White, 1994) was used to assess twomotivational systems, eachwith a unique neural signature, that regulate approach and withdrawal behavior.”
MethodIndividual Differences in Amygdala Activity Predict Response Speed during Working Memory
Schaefer, A., Braver, T. S., Reynolds, J. R., Burgess, G. C., Yarkoni, T., & Gray, J. R. (2006) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.2567-06.2006 · Cited by 106
Personality and Coping: Individual Differences in Responses to Emotion
Segerstrom, S. C., & Smith, G. T. (2019) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-psych-010418-102917 · Cited by 105
McNaughton, N., DeYoung, C. G., & Corr, P. J. (2016) · Neuroimaging Personality, Social Cognition, and Character · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-800935-2.00002-6 · Cited by 123
Nusslock, R., Walden, K., & Harmon-Jones, E. (2015) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2015.06.004 · Cited by 95
A preliminary investigation of the effects of the unified protocol on temperament
Carl, J. R., Gallagher, M. W., Sauer-Zavala, S. E., Bentley, K. H., & Barlow, D. H. (2014) · Comprehensive Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2014.04.015 · Cited by 98
The decoupling model of equanimity: theory, measurement, and test in a mindfulness intervention
Hadash, Y., Segev, N., Tanay, G., Goldstein, P., & Bernstein, A. (2016) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-016-0564-2 · Cited by 100
Anger and fear: Separable effects of emotion and motivational direction on somatovisceral responses
Stemmler, G., Aue, T., & Wacker, J. (2007) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2007.03.019 · Cited by 99
Heightened aversion to risk and loss in depressed patients with a suicide attempt history
Baek, K., Kwon, J., Chae, J.-H., Chung, Y. A., Kralik, J. D., Min, J.-A., Huh, H., Choi, K. M., Jang, K.-I., Lee, N.-B., et al. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-017-10541-5 · Cited by 98
Profile Analysis of Psychological Symptoms Associated With Misophonia: A Community Sample
McKay, D., Kim, S.-K., Mancusi, L., Storch, E. A., & Spankovich, C. (2018) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2017.07.002 · Cited by 89
Takahashi, Y., Yamagata, S., Kijima, N., Shigemasu, K., Ono, Y., & Ando, J. (2007) · The Japanese Journal of Personality · doi:10.2132/personality.15.276 · Cited by 86
Extraversion and Behavioral Activation: Integrating the Components of Approach
Quilty, L. C., DeYoung, C. G., Oakman, J. M., & Bagby, R. M. (2014) · Journal of Personality Assessment · doi:10.1080/00223891.2013.834440 · Cited by 85
Risky decision making in adults with ADHD
Matthies, S., Philipsen, A., & Svaldi, J. (2012) · Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2012.02.002 · Cited by 85
Peeters, F., Berkhof, J., Rottenberg, J., & Nicolson, N. A. (2010) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2010.04.008 · Cited by 84
A brain network instantiating approach and avoidance motivation
Spielberg, J. M., Miller, G. A., Warren, S. L., Engels, A. S., Crocker, L. D., Banich, M. T., Sutton, B. P., & Heller, W. (2012) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.2012.01443.x · Cited by 84
Genetically Determined Differences in Brain Response to a Primary Food Reward: Figure 1.
Felsted, J. A., Ren, X., Chouinard-Decorte, F., & Small, D. M. (2010) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.5483-09.2010 · Cited by 84
Jensen, M. P., Ehde, D. M., & Day, M. A. (2016) · The Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2016.02.001 · Cited by 77
Chipman, P., Jorm, A. F., Prior, M., Sanson, A., Smart, D., Tan, X., & Easteal, S. (2007) · American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics · doi:10.1002/ajmg.b.30480 · Cited by 81
Reward sensitivity and food addiction in women
Loxton, N. J., & Tipman, R. J. (2017) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2016.10.022 · Cited by 81
Yao, S., Becker, B., Geng, Y., Zhao, Z., Xu, X., Zhao, W., Ren, P., & Kendrick, K. M. (2016) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.02.035 · Cited by 75
Cavanagh, J. F., & Allen, J. J. B. (2008) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2007.09.007 · Cited by 79
Harden, K. P., Kretsch, N., Mann, F. D., Herzhoff, K., Tackett, J. L., Steinberg, L., & Tucker-Drob, E. M. (2017) · Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2016.12.007 · Cited by 77
Sedikides, C., & Wildschut, T. (2022) · Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology · doi:10.1177/18344909221091649 · Cited by 76
Tryptophan depletion disinhibits punishment but not reward prediction: implications for resilience
Robinson, O. J., Cools, R., & Sahakian, B. J. (2012) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-011-2410-5 · Cited by 73
The self-regulation of prejudice: Toward understanding its lived character
Monteith, M. J., Mark, A. Y., & Ashburn-Nardo, L. (2010) · Group Processes & Intergroup Relations · doi:10.1177/1368430209353633 · Cited by 77
Rochat, L., Billieux, J., Gagnon, J., & Van der Linden, M. (2018) · Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology · doi:10.1080/13803395.2017.1313393 · Cited by 72
Behavioral inhibition: relation to negative emotion regulation and reactivity
Leen-Feldner, E. W., Zvolensky, M. J., Feldner, M. T., & Lejuez, C. W. (2004) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/s0191-8869(02)00113-7 · Cited by 72
Social status determines how we monitor and evaluate our performance
Boksem, M. A. S., Kostermans, E., Milivojevic, B., & De Cremer, D. (2012) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsr010 · Cited by 69
Dunn, B. D., Widnall, E., Reed, N., Owens, C., Campbell, J., & Kuyken, W. (2019) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2019.103418 · Cited by 70
“These symptoms can be seen as emergent properties of disruptions to two underlying and partly dissociable neurobiological dimensions in depression (Watson, Wiese, Vaidya, & Tellegen, 1999; Gray, 1987; Carver & White, 1994; Paulus et al., 2017; Insel et al., 2010).”
BackgroundStress Impairs Episodic Retrieval by Disrupting Hippocampal and Cortical Mechanisms of Remembering
Gagnon, S. A., Waskom, M. L., Brown, T. I., & Wagner, A. D. (2019) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhy162 · Cited by 69
Shadli, S. M., Glue, P., McIntosh, J., & McNaughton, N. (2015) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/tp.2015.188 · Cited by 68
Jung, W. H., Kang, D.-H., Han, J. Y., Jang, J. H., Gu, B.-M., Choi, J.-S., Jung, M. H., Choi, C.-H., & Kwon, J. S. (2011) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.2010.01659.x · Cited by 68
Müller, A., Claes, L., Georgiadou, E., Möllenkamp, M., Voth, E. M., Faber, R. J., Mitchell, J. E., & de Zwaan, M. (2014) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2014.01.012 · Cited by 67
Mood, blood pressure, and heart rate at work: An experience-sampling study
Ilies, R., Dimotakis, N., & Watson, D. (2010) · Journal of Occupational Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0018350 · Cited by 67
Cortisol boosts risky decision-making behavior in men but not in women
Kluen, L. M., Agorastos, A., Wiedemann, K., & Schwabe, L. (2017) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2017.07.240 · Cited by 64
Garrison, K. A., Yip, S. W., Balodis, I. M., Carroll, K. M., Potenza, M. N., & Krishnan-Sarin, S. (2017) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.03.035 · Cited by 65
Abdollahi, A., Pyszczynski, T., Maxfield, M., & Luszczynska, A. (2011) · Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy · doi:10.1037/a0021084 · Cited by 64
Takahashi, T., Sugiyama, F., Kikai, T., Kawashima, I., Guan, S., Oguchi, M., Uchida, T., & Kumano, H. (2019) · BioPsychoSocial Medicine · doi:10.1186/s13030-019-0145-4 · Cited by 61
“The BAS is an appetitive motivational system that is sensitive to signals of reward, nonpunishment, and escape from punishment [16].”
BackgroundA cohort study of patients seeking Internet gaming disorder treatment
Han, D. H., Yoo, M., Renshaw, P. F., & Petry, N. M. (2018) · Journal of Behavioral Addictions · doi:10.1556/2006.7.2018.102 · Cited by 63
Jeong, B., Lee, J. Y., Kim, B. M., Park, E., Kwon, J.-G., Kim, D.-J., Lee, Y., Choi, J.-S., & Lee, D. (2020) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106485 · Cited by 62
Regional brain responses in nulliparous women to emotional infant stimuli
Montoya, J. L., Landi, N., Kober, H., Worhunsky, P. D., Rutherford, H. J. V., Mencl, W. E., Mayes, L. C., & Potenza, M. N. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0036270 · Cited by 61
Kitayama, S., Park, J., Miyamoto, Y., Date, H., Boylan, J. M., Markus, H. R., Karasawa, M., Kawakami, N., Coe, C. L., Love, G. D., et al. (2018) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167217748603 · Cited by 59
Applying novel technologies and methods to inform the ontology of self-regulation
Eisenberg, I. W., Bissett, P. G., Canning, J. R., Dallery, J., Enkavi, A. Z., Whitfield-Gabrieli, S., Gonzalez, O., Green, A. I., Greene, M. A., Kiernan, M., et al. (2018) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2017.09.014 · Cited by 61
Chun, J.-W., Choi, J., Kim, J.-Y., Cho, H., Ahn, K.-J., Nam, J.-H., Choi, J.-S., & Kim, D.-J. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-017-08824-y · Cited by 60
Adolescent peer interaction and trait surgency weaken medial prefrontal cortex responses to failure
Segalowitz, S. J., Santesso, D. L., Willoughby, T., Reker, D. L., Campbell, K., Chalmers, H., & Rose-Krasnor, L. (2012) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsq090 · Cited by 58
Strand, E. B., Kerns, R. D., Christie, A., Haavik-Nilsen, K., Klokkerud, M., & Finset, A. (2007) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2006.08.015 · Cited by 59
Self-control as a personality measure
O'Gorman, J. G., & Baxter, E. (2002) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/s0191-8869(01)00055-1 · Cited by 60
Tabak, N. T., Horan, W. P., & Green, M. F. (2015) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2015.07.030 · Cited by 59
Finding meaning at work: the role of inspiring and funny YouTube videos on work-related well-being.
Janicke-Bowles, S. H., Rieger, D., & Connor, W. (2019) · Journal of Happiness Studies · doi:10.1007/s10902-018-9959-1 · Cited by 59
Bentley, K. H., Boettcher, H., Bullis, J. R., Carl, J. R., Conklin, L. R., Sauer-Zavala, S., Pierre-Louis, C., Farchione, T. J., & Barlow, D. H. (2018) · Behavior Modification · doi:10.1177/0145445517734354 · Cited by 56
Althaus, M., Groen, Y., Wijers, A. A., Noltes, H., Tucha, O., & Hoekstra, P. J. (2015) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2015.10.025 · Cited by 57
Amemori, K.-I., Amemori, S., & Graybiel, A. M. (2015) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1731-14.2015 · Cited by 49
Meditation Benefits and Drawbacks: Empirical Codebook and Implications for Teaching
Anderson, T., Suresh, M., & Farb, N. A. (2019) · Journal of Cognitive Enhancement · doi:10.1007/s41465-018-00119-y · Cited by 55
Water From the Lake of Memory: The Regulatory Model of Nostalgia
Wildschut, T., & Sedikides, C. (2023) · Current Directions in Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/09637214221121768 · Cited by 54
It Is Better to Receive Than to Give: Advice Network Effects on Job and Work-Unit Attachment
Zagenczyk, T. J., & Murrell, A. J. (2009) · Journal of Business and Psychology · doi:10.1007/s10869-009-9095-3 · Cited by 54
Threat sensitivity, incentive sensitivity, and the experience of relief.
Carver, C. S. (2009) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.2008.00540.x · Cited by 50
Self-citationToward Robust Anxiety Biomarkers: A Machine Learning Approach in a Large-Scale Sample
Boeke, E. A., Holmes, A. J., & Phelps, E. A. (2020) · Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.bpsc.2019.05.018 · Cited by 50
Lloyd, A., McKay, R., Sebastian, C. L., & Balsters, J. H. (2021) · Developmental Science · doi:10.1111/desc.13075 · Cited by 49
Corticostriatal Circuits Encode the Subjective Value of Perceived Control
Wang, K. S., & Delgado, M. R. (2019) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhz045 · Cited by 42
Rizvi, S. J., Salomons, T. V., Konarski, J. Z., Downar, J., Giacobbe, P., McIntyre, R. S., & Kennedy, S. H. (2013) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2013.06.050 · Cited by 45
Patient-reported outcome measures for life engagement in mental health: a systematic review
McIntyre, R. S., Ismail, Z., Watling, C. P., Weiss, C., Meehan, S. R., Musingarimi, P., & Thase, M. E. (2022) · Journal of Patient-Reported Outcomes · doi:10.1186/s41687-022-00468-5 · Cited by 48
Olney, N. T., Ong, E., Goh, S. M., Bajorek, L., Dever, R., Staffaroni, A. M., Cobigo, Y., Bock, M., Chiang, K., Ljubenkov, P., et al. (2020) · Alzheimer's & Dementia · doi:10.1016/j.jalz.2019.08.196 · Cited by 46
Investigating the role of anticipatory reward and habit strength in obsessive-compulsive disorder
Ferreira, G. M., Yücel, M., Dawson, A., Lorenzetti, V., & Fontenelle, L. F. (2017) · CNS Spectrums · doi:10.1017/s1092852916000535 · Cited by 47
The effect of reward on orienting and reorienting in exogenous cuing
Bucker, B., & Theeuwes, J. (2014) · Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3758/s13415-014-0278-7 · Cited by 47
Extremely preterm birth and adolescent mental health in a geographical cohort born in the 1990s
Burnett, A., Davey, C. G., Wood, S. J., Wilson-Ching, M., Molloy, C., Cheong, J. L. Y., Doyle, L. W., & Anderson, P. J. (2014) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291713002158 · Cited by 44
Das, D., Cherbuin, N., Tan, X., Anstey, K. J., & Easteal, S. (2011) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0020177 · Cited by 42
Mies, G. W., Ma, I., de Water, E., Buitelaar, J. K., & Scheres, A. (2018) · Cortex · doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2018.05.018 · Cited by 41
Neuroticism and Attitudes Toward Action in 19 Countries
Ireland, M. E., Hepler, J., Li, H., & Albarracín, D. (2015) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/jopy.12099 · Cited by 41
van der Laan, L. N., de Ridder, D. T. D., Charbonnier, L., Viergever, M. A., & Smeets, P. A. M. (2014) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2014.00184 · Cited by 39
Lopez‐Gomez, I., Chaves, C., Hervas, G., & Vazquez, C. (2017) · Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy · doi:10.1002/cpp.2129 · Cited by 39
Espie, C. A., Barrie, L. M., & Forgan, G. S. (2012) · Sleep · doi:10.5665/sleep.1702 · Cited by 38
What Do We Mean by Behavioral Disinhibition in Frontotemporal Dementia?
Magrath Guimet, N., Miller, B. L., Allegri, R. F., & Rankin, K. P. (2021) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2021.707799 · Cited by 38
González-Robles, A., Díaz-García, A., García-Palacios, A., Roca, P., Ramos-Quiroga, J. A., & Botella, C. (2020) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/18220 · Cited by 40
Van Beveren, M.-L., Mezulis, A., Wante, L., & Braet, C. (2019) · Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology · doi:10.1080/15374416.2016.1233499 · Cited by 38
The relevance of age of onset to the psychopathology of social phobia
Rosellini, A. J., Rutter, L. A., Bourgeois, M. L., Emmert-Aronson, B. O., & Brown, T. A. (2013) · Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment · doi:10.1007/s10862-013-9338-5 · Cited by 38
Cremers, H. R., Veer, I. M., Spinhoven, P., Rombouts, S. A. R. B., Yarkoni, T., Wager, T. D., & Roelofs, K. (2015) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291714002657 · Cited by 38
Soroa, G., Balluerka, N., Hommel, B., & Aritzeta, A. (2015) · Thinking Skills and Creativity · doi:10.1016/j.tsc.2015.05.002 · Cited by 36
Rosellini, A. J., Boettcher, H., Brown, T. A., & Barlow, D. H. (2015) · Psychopathology Review · doi:10.5127/pr.036014 · Cited by 36
Werner, K. M., Inzlicht, M., & Ford, B. Q. (2022) · Current Directions in Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/09637214221095848 · Cited by 36
Drabe, M., Rullmann, M., Luthardt, J., Boettcher, Y., Regenthal, R., Ploetz, T., Becker, G. A., Patt, M., Schinke, C., Bergh, F. T., et al. (2017) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/tp.2017.133 · Cited by 32
Maack, D. J., Tull, M. T., & Gratz, K. L. (2012) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2012.05.005 · Cited by 33
Papachristou, H., Theodorou, M., Neophytou, K., & Panayiotou, G. (2018) · Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science · doi:10.1016/j.jcbs.2018.03.001 · Cited by 33
Social anxiety and dynamic social reinforcement learning in a volatile environment
Beltzer, M. L., Adams, S., Beling, P. A., & Teachman, B. A. (2019) · Clinical Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/2167702619858425 · Cited by 32
A cluster-randomized effectiveness trial of smoking cessation modified for at-risk smoker subgroups
Batra, A., Collins, S. E., Schröter, M., Eck, S., Torchalla, I., & Buchkremer, G. (2010) · Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment · doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2009.08.003 · Cited by 31
Combining Trait Models of Impulsivity to Improve Explanation of Substance Use Behaviour
Stautz, K., Dinc, L., & Cooper, A. J. (2017) · European Journal of Personality · doi:10.1002/per.2091 · Cited by 30
Sex-specific effects of gender identification on pain study recruitment
Mattos Feijó, L., Tarman, G. Z., Fontaine, C., Harrison, R., Johnstone, T., & Salomons, T. (2018) · The Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2017.09.009 · Cited by 29
Pain intensity, headache frequency, and the behavioral activation and inhibition systems
Jensen, M. P., Tan, G., & Chua, S. M. (2015) · The Clinical Journal of Pain · doi:10.1097/ajp.0000000000000215 · Cited by 29
Cognitive Indicators of Preclinical Behavioral Variant Frontotemporal Dementia in MAPT Carriers
Cheran, G., Wu, L., Lee, S., Manoochehri, M., Cines, S., Fallon, E., Lynch, T., Heidebrink, J., Paulson, H., Goldman, J., et al. (2019) · Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society · doi:10.1017/s1355617718001005 · Cited by 29
Ragsdale, G., & Foley, R. A. (2011) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0023236 · Cited by 29
Narcissus locked in the past: vulnerable narcissism and the negative views of the past.
Zajenkowski, M., Rogoza, R., Maciantowicz, O., Witowska, J., & Jonason, P. K. (2021) · Journal of Research in Personality · doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2021.104123 · Cited by 30
Palomo, T., Beninger, R. J., Kostrzewa, R. M., & Archer, T. (2008) · Neurotoxicity Research · doi:10.1007/bf03033807 · Cited by 28
Irrelevant learned reward associations disrupt voluntary spatial attention
MacLean, M. H., Diaz, G. K., & Giesbrecht, B. (2016) · Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics · doi:10.3758/s13414-016-1103-x · Cited by 27
Metts, A., Zinbarg, R., Hammen, C., Mineka, S., & Craske, M. G. (2021) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/abn0000643 · Cited by 28
Czernatowicz-Kukuczka, A., Jaśko, K., & Kossowska, M. (2014) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2014.06.013 · Cited by 27
Preckel, K., Kanske, P., Singer, T., Paulus, F. M., & Krach, S. (2016) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-016-1036-x · Cited by 25
Klimecki, O. M., Vuilleumier, P., & Sander, D. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0151028 · Cited by 26
Paquet, C., de Montigny, L., Labban, A., Buckeridge, D., Ma, Y., Arora, N., & Dubé, L. (2017) · International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity · doi:10.1186/s12966-017-0540-9 · Cited by 22
On the malleability of emotional encoding
Mathews, A. (2004) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2004.04.003 · Cited by 25
Metadata
- Authors
- Carver, C. S., & White, T. L.
- Affiliations
- University of Miami (US)
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- ORCID
- Carver, Charles S.
- Venue
- Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
- Published
- 1994-08
- Volume
- 67
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 319-333
- ISSN
- 0022-3514 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1315
- OpenAlex
- W2119314959
- Cited by
- 7,306
- References
- 63
- Citations by year
- 2026: 292 · 2025: 335 · 2024: 385 · 2023: 328 · 2022: 395 · 2021: 393 · 2020: 405 · 2019: 368 · 2018: 378 · 2017: 423 · 2016: 382 · 2015: 403 · 2014: 380 · 2013: 332 · 2012: 300
- FWCI
- 30.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Psychological Testing and Assessment
- Keywords
- behavioral inhibition system, behavioral activation system, BIS/BAS scales, reward anticipation, emotional responses, anxiety, happiness, scale development, convergent and discriminant validity
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
