Self-administered nicotine activates the mesolimbic dopamine system through the ventral tegmental area
Abstract
Microinfusions of the nicotinic antagonist dihydro-beta-erythroidine (DH beta E) were used to examine the role of the mesolimbic dopamine system in nicotine reinforcement in rats. Infusions of DH beta E into the ventral tegmental area (VTA) prior to the start of i.v. nicotine self-administration sessions resulted in a significant decrease in the number of nicotine infusions voluntarily obtained. In contrast, the same doses of DH beta E infused into the nucleus accumbens were without effect on nicotine self-administration. The reductions caused by DH beta E were specific to nicotine reinforcement; neither operant responding maintained by food, cocaine self-administration, or spontaneous locomotor activity were altered by local applications of DH beta E within the VTA. The reduction in nicotine self-administration following treatment in the VTA was also specific to the nicotinic antagonist, and was not duplicated by infusions of the muscarinic antagonist atropine. Partial lesions of the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus, the likely origin of cholinergic fibers to the VTA, were without effect on nicotine self-administration, suggesting that the effects of DH beta E were not due to disruption of a tonically active cholinergic input to the VTA from this source. These data show that nicotine acts within the VTA region to initiate processes which are critical to the reinforcing properties of the drug.
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Lesions of the VTA and its primary projection area, the NAc, greatly attenuate nicotine self-administration and the psychostimulant properties of nicotine.
“Lesions of the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and its primary projection area, the nucleus accumbens (NAc), greatly attenuate nicotine self-administration and the psychostimulant properties of nicotine”
From Mechanisms of Nicotine Addiction (2021) · cites this paper as Corrigall et al. 1994
Both β2* and α7 nAChR subtypes contribute to nicotine-associated increases in DA release and associated nicotine-dependent behaviors.
“An accumulation of data suggests that both the β2* and α7 nAChR subtypes contribute to nicotine-associated increases in DA release and associated nicotine-dependent behaviors (Corrigall et al., 1994; Epping-Jordan et al., 1999; Laviolette and van der Kooy, 2003; Mansvelder et al., 2002; Picciotto et al., 1998; Pidoplichko et al., 2004; Shoaib and Stolerman, 1994).”
From It is not “either/or”: Activation and desensitization of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors both contribute to behaviors related to nicotine addiction and mood (2008) · cites this paper as Corrigall et al., 1994
Drugs that selectively inhibit α4β2* and/or α6β2* nAChRs block behaviors linked to nicotine reward and reinforcement when infused or given systemically.
“In addition, infusion and systemic administration of drugs that selectively inhibit ␣42* and/or ␣62* nAChRs blocked behaviors linked to nicotine reward and reinforcement”
From Varenicline Is a Potent Partial Agonist at α6β2* Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors in Rat and Monkey Striatum (2012) · cites this paper as Corrigall et al., 1994
Disruption of PPTg activity decreases the rewarding and locomotor effects of drugs of abuse such as cocaine and nicotine.
“At the behavioral level, this conclusion is consistent with the finding that disruption of PPTg activity decreases the rewarding and locomotor effects of drugs of abuse such as cocaine and nicotine (Champtiaux et al., 2006; Corrigall et al., 1994; Corrigall et al., 2002), while lesion of NAc cholinergic neurons increases cocaine self-administration, as might be expected if a pause in cholinergic”
From Acetylcholine as a Neuromodulator: Cholinergic Signaling Shapes Nervous System Function and Behavior (2012) · cites this paper as Corrigall et al., 1994
The mesolimbic system is preferentially active during exposure to rewards, with the primary consequence being the release of the neurotransmitter dopamine.
“While these rewards typically all generate pleasure, a vast body of evidence, in both rodents and humans, suggests that the mesolimbic system is preferentially active during exposure to rewards, with the primary consequence being the release of the neurotransmitter dopamine (Balfour, 2015a; Berridge & Robinson, 1998; Corrigall, Coen, & Adamson, 1994; Di Chiara & Imperato, 1988).”
From Cued for Risk: Evidence for an Incentive Sensitization Framework to Explain the Interplay between Stress and Anxiety, Substance Abuse, and Reward Uncertainty in Disordered Gambling Behavior (2019) · cites this paper as Corrigall, Coen, & Adamson, 1994
Nicotine binds to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in many parts of the brain, particularly the ventral tegmental area.
“The nicotine binds to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in many parts of the brain but of particular interest is the ventral tegmental area (7,8).”
From The Multiple Facets of Cigarette Addiction and What They Mean for Encouraging and Helping Smokers to Stop (2009) · cites this paper as [7]
Intravenous self-administration of nicotine in rats is attenuated by blockade of nicotinic receptors administered into the VTA.
“as well as by the blockade of nicotinic receptors administered into the VTA”
From Dopamine reward circuitry: Two projection systems from the ventral midbrain to the nucleus accumbens–olfactory tubercle complex (2007) · cites this paper as Corrigall et al., 1994
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- Authors
- Corrigall, W. A., Coen, K. M., & Adamson, K. L.
- Affiliations
- University of Toronto (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Corrigall, William A.
- Venue
- Brain Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1994-08
- Volume
- 653
- Issue
- 1-2
- Pages
- 278-284
- ISSN
- 0006-8993 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2083076890
- Cited by
- 740
- References
- 39
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 71 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 28 · 2012: 25
- FWCI
- 5.01
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Brain Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Study
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Keywords
- nicotine self-administration, mesolimbic dopamine system, ventral tegmental area, dihydro-beta-erythroidine, nicotinic antagonists, nicotine reinforcement, nucleus accumbens, pedunculopontine nucleus, cholinergic input, atropine, cocaine self-administration, locomotor activity
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Atropine, Cocaine, Dihydro-beta-Erythroidine, Dopamine, Food, Limbic System, Male, Microinjections, Motor Activity, Nicotine, Rats, Inbred Strains, Reinforcement, Psychology, Self Administration, Tegmentum Mesencephali, Rats
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