Microsatellite instability generates diversity in brain and sociobehavioral traits
Abstract
Repetitive microsatellites mutate at relatively high rates and may contribute to the rapid evolution of species-typical traits. We show that individual alleles of a repetitive polymorphic microsatellite in the 5' region of the prairie vole vasopressin 1a receptor (avpr1a) gene modify gene expression in vitro. In vivo, we observe that this regulatory polymorphism predicts both individual differences in receptor distribution patterns and socio-behavioral traits. These data suggest that individual differences in gene expression patterns may be conferred via polymorphic microsatellites in the cis-regulatory regions of genes and may contribute to normal variation in behavioral traits.
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Variation in gene expression mediated by cis-regulatory elements plays an important role in evolutionary phenotypic change.
“Variation in gene expression mediated by cis-REs plays an important role in evolutionary phenotypic change (32, 42–46).”
From Variation in the Oxytocin Receptor Gene Predicts Brain Region–Specific Expression and Social Attachment (2016) · cites this paper as [46]
Male prairie voles with relatively short microsatellites had lower levels of AVPR1A binding in the olfactory bulb and lateral septum, and were less likely to display a partner preference than males with longer microsatellites.
“For example, montane and meadow voles have considerably shorter microsatellite elements than prairie voles [30], and male prairie voles with relatively short microsatellites had lower levels of AVPR1A binding in the olfactory bulb and lateral septum, and were less likely to display a partner preference than males with longer microsatellites [31].”
From The prairie vole: An emerging model organism for understanding the social brain (2010) · cites this paper as [31]
Viral-mediated Avpr1a receptor overexpression studies show that species differences in Avpr1a expression mediate species differences in social behavior, and variation in Avpr1a expression in the brain is related to microsatellite diversity in the gene's 5' flanking region.
“Viral-mediated Avpr1a receptor overexpression studies show that species differences in Avpr1a expression mediate species differences in social behavior, and variation in Avpr1a expression in the brain is related to microsatellite diversity in the gene's 5′ flanking region (151-154).”
From Oxytocin, Vasopressin, and Social Behavior: From Neural Circuits to Clinical Opportunities (2022) · cites this paper as [153]
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- Authors
- Hammock, E. A. D., & Young, L. J.
- Affiliations
- Emory University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Young, Larry J.
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2005-06-10
- Volume
- 308
- Issue
- 5728
- Pages
- 1630-1634
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W1977278056
- Cited by
- 545
- References
- 36
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 28 · 2016: 33 · 2015: 21 · 2014: 39 · 2013: 33 · 2012: 31
- FWCI
- 57.99
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5f31mh067397-02)
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH-64692, K02MH064692, MH 56897, MH67397)
- National Center for Research Resources (RR-00 165, P51RR000165)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics › Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Keywords
- microsatellite instability, Microtus ochrogaster, AVPR1A, vasopressin 1a receptor, regulatory polymorphisms, cis-regulatory variation, gene expression, individual differences, brain receptor distribution, species-typical behavior
- MeSH terms
- Alleles, Animals, Anxiety, Base Sequence, Behavior, Animal, Brain, Arvicolinae, Gene Expression Regulation, Genotype, Grooming, Male, Molecular Sequence Data, Odorants, Pair Bond, Paternal Behavior, Social Behavior, Genetic Variation, Receptors, Vasopressin, Genes, Reporter, Microsatellite Repeats
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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