Cited by 552Gut microbiota and healthAdipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic DiseasesOral microbiology and periodontitis research

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Gut microbiota, obesity and diabetes

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Patterson, Elaine, Ryan, Paul M, Cryan, John F, Dinan, Timothy G, Ross, R Paul, Fitzgerald, Gerald F, Stanton, Catherine·2016·Postgraduate Medical Journal

DOI 10.1136/postgradmedj-2015-133285

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Abstract

The central role of the intestinal microbiota in the progression and, equally, prevention of metabolic dysfunction is becoming abundantly apparent. The symbiotic relationship between intestinal microbiota and host ensures appropriate development of the metabolic system in humans. However, disturbances in composition and, in turn, functionality of the intestinal microbiota can disrupt gut barrier function, a trip switch for metabolic endotoxemia. This low-grade chronic inflammation, brought about by the influx of inflammatory bacterial fragments into circulation through a malfunctioning gut barrier, has considerable knock-on effects for host adiposity and insulin resistance. Conversely, recent evidence suggests that there are certain bacterial species that may interact with host metabolism through metabolite-mediated stimulation of enteric hormones and other systems outside of the gastrointestinal tract, such as the endocannabinoid system. When the abundance of these keystone species begins to decline, we see a collapse of the symbiosis, reflected in a deterioration of host metabolic health. This review will investigate the intricate axis between the microbiota and host metabolism, while also addressing the promising and novel field of probiotics as metabolic therapies.

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Authors: Patterson, E., Ryan, P. M., Cryan, J. F., Dinan, T. G., Ross, R. P., Fitzgerald, G. F., & Stanton, C.
Affiliations: Teagasc - The Irish Agriculture and Food Development Authority (IE)
University College Cork (IE)
Corresponding author: Stanton, Catherine
ORCID: Ryan, Paul M
Cryan, John F
Dinan, Timothy G
Ross, R Paul
Stanton, Catherine
Venue: Postgraduate Medical Journal
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published: 2016-02-24
Volume: 92
Issue: 1087
Pages: 286-300
ISSN: 0032-5473 (ISSN-L)
1469-0756
DOI: 10.1136/postgradmedj-2015-133285
OpenAlex: W2298848525
Cited by: 552
References: 233
Citations by year: 2026: 24 · 2025: 42 · 2024: 83 · 2023: 86 · 2022: 91 · 2021: 74 · 2020: 54 · 2019: 38 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 29 · 2016: 10
FWCI: 2.92
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: academic.oup.com/pages/standard-publication-reuse-rights (vor)
Locations: Postgraduate Medical Journal (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
HighWire Press Open Archive (submittedVersion)
T-Stór (Teagasc) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
Funders: Science Foundation Ireland (SFI/12/RC/, 12/RC/2273, 12/RC/, SFI/12/RC/2273.)
Teagasc
APC Microbiome Institute (SFI/12/RC/2273)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
Keywords: gut microbiota, obesity, diabetes mellitus, intestinal barrier, endotoxemia, low-grade inflammation, insulin resistance, adiposity, bacterial metabolites, endocannabinoid system, probiotics, metabolic therapy, host-microbe symbiosis
MeSH terms: Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Diabetes Mellitus, Humans, Inflammation, Obesity, Disease Progression, Probiotics, Gastrointestinal Tract

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