Cited by 2,023Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on BehaviorSchizophrenia research and treatmentAnimal testing and alternatives

Animal models of neuropsychiatric disorders

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Nestler, Eric J, Hyman, Steven E·2010·Nature Neuroscience

Abstract

Modeling of human neuropsychiatric disorders in animals is extremely challenging given the subjective nature of many symptoms, the lack of biomarkers and objective diagnostic tests, and the early state of the relevant neurobiology and genetics. Nonetheless, progress in understanding pathophysiology and in treatment development would benefit greatly from improved animal models. Here we review the current state of animal models of mental illness, with a focus on schizophrenia, depression and bipolar disorder. We argue for areas of focus that might increase the likelihood of creating more useful models, at least for some disorders, and for explicit guidelines when animal models are reported.

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Crossref · 10.1038/nn.2647

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  • There is a paucity of animal studies of bipolar disorder mainly because there are no animal models that satisfy the validity criteria for modeling this complex multifactorial disorder.

    “There is a paucity of animal studies of BD mainly because there are no animal models that satisfy the validity criteria for modeling this complex multifactorial disorder130–133.”

    From Circadian rhythm disruption and mental health (2020) · cites this paper as [132]

    The 'Animal models of bipolar disorder' section says researchers have struggled to model mania and have not developed rodent models with spontaneously alternating manic- and depressive-like episodes. The 'Generating and validating' section identifies weaknesses in existing models, but also says some meet face and predictive validity criteria. The paper does not establish a paucity of animal studies or attribute one mainly to a complete absence of models meeting validity criteria. (LLM, conf=0.88)

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  • Chronic unpredictable stress, restraint stress or foot-shock stress followed by behavioral measures of anhedonia or behavioral despair are often responsive to acute antidepressant treatment and do not address the multiple validities necessary for an effective animal model of depression.

    “These include chronic unpredictable stress, restraint stress or foot-shock stress, followed by behavioral measures of anhedonia (e.g., sucrose preference) or behavioral despair (e.g., forced swim test and tail suspension test), which are often responsive to acute antidepressant treatment and do not address the multiple validities necessary for an effective animal model of depression4.”

    From A standardized protocol for repeated social defeat stress in mice (2011) · cites this paper as [4]

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  • For complex psychiatric disorders with largely unknown genetic etiologies, environmental insults, specific pathologies, or biomarkers, the building of animal models with high construct validity has not yet been possible.

    “However, for complex psychiatric disorders with largely unknown genetic etiologies, environmental insults, specific pathologies, or biomarkers, the building of animal models with high construct validity has not yet been possible [94].”
  • Mice subjected to chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) develop depression-like symptoms.

    “Mice subjected to chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) develop depression-like symptoms [134,135]”
  • Stress-induced behavioral phenotypes are reversed by chronic, but not acute antidepressant treatment, and are thus posited to have both face and predictive validity.

    “The stress-induced behavioral phenotypes are reversed by chronic, but not acute antidepressant treatment, and are thus posited to have both face and predictive validity [8].”

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Research works printed but not linked: 2

  1. [59]Markou A Animal models of depression and antidepressant activity Neurosci Biobehav Rev 29 501 909 2005 15893821
  2. [71]Welch JM Cortico-striatal synaptic defects and OCD-like behaviors in Sapap3-mutant mice Nature 448 894 901 2007 17713528 PMC2442572

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Authors
Nestler, E. J., & Hyman, S. E.
Affiliations
  • Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (US)
  • Harvard University (US)
Corresponding author
Nestler, Eric J
Venue
Nature Neuroscience
Published
2010-09-27
Volume
13
Issue
10
Pages
1161-1169
ISSN
  • 1097-6256 (ISSN-L)
  • 1546-1726
OpenAlex
W2007816528
Cited by
2,023
References
72
Citations by year
2026: 81 · 2025: 109 · 2024: 101 · 2023: 103 · 2022: 114 · 2021: 144 · 2020: 146 · 2019: 160 · 2018: 135 · 2017: 151 · 2016: 131 · 2015: 168 · 2014: 140 · 2013: 109 · 2012: 109
FWCI
9.70
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Nature Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institute of Mental Health (P50MH090963, R01MH051399, P50MH066172)
  • National Institute on Drug Abuse (R01DA014133)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
  • Health Sciences › Veterinary › Small Animals › Animal testing and alternatives
Keywords
animal models of psychiatric disorders, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, depression, neuropsychiatric disorders, model validation, reporting guidelines, biomarkers, treatment development, pathophysiology
MeSH terms
Animals, Mental Disorders, Disease Models, Animal, Humans, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Reproducibility of Results, Neurotransmitter Agents

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