PreprintCited by 331Eating Disorders and BehaviorsImpact of Technology on AdolescentsBody Image and Dysmorphia Studies

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The Perfect Storm: A Developmental–Sociocultural Framework for the Role of Social Media in Adolescent Girls’ Body Image Concerns and Mental Health

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Choukas-Bradley, Sophia, Roberts, Savannah Rose, Maheux, Anne J., Nesi, Jacqueline·2021·Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review

DOI 10.31234/osf.io/ju92aPMC PMC9287711

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Abstract

In this theoretical review paper, we provide a developmental–sociocultural framework for the role of social media (SM) in contributing to adolescent girls’ body image concerns, and in turn, depressive symptoms and disordered eating. We propose that the features of SM (e.g., idealized images of peers, quantifiable feedback) intersect with adolescent developmental factors (e.g., salience of peer relationships) and sociocultural gender socialization processes (e.g., societal over-emphasis on girls’ and women’s physical appearance) to create the “perfect storm” for exacerbating girls’ body image concerns. We argue that, ultimately, body image concerns may be a key mechanism underlying associations between adolescent girls’ SM use and mental health. In the context of proposing this framework, we provide empirical evidence for how SM may increase adolescent girls’ body image concerns through heightening their focus on: (1) other people’s physical appearance (e.g., through exposure to idealized images of peers, celebrities, and SM influencers; quantifiable indicators of approval); and (2) their own appearance (e.g., through appearance-related SM consciousness; exposure to one’s own image; encouraging over-valuing of appearance; and peer approval of photos/videos). Our framework highlights new avenues for future research on adolescent girls’ SM use and mental health, which recognize the central role of body image.

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See all 331

Authors: Choukas-Bradley, S., Roberts, S. R., Maheux, A. J., & Nesi, J.
Affiliations: University of Delaware (US)
Brown University (US)
ORCID: Choukas-Bradley, Sophia
Roberts, Savannah Rose
Maheux, Anne J.
Nesi, Jacqueline
Venue: Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review
Publisher: Center for Open Science
Published: 2021-03-18
Volume: 25
Issue: 4
Pages: 681-701
ISSN: 1096-4037 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.31234/osf.io/ju92a
PMC: PMC9287711
OpenAlex: W4285588124
Cited by: 331
References: 202
Citations by year: 2026: 85 · 2025: 101 · 2024: 96 · 2023: 34 · 2022: 15
FWCI: 10.26
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Locations: Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PsyArXiv (OSF Preprints) (submittedVersion)
Funders: National Science Foundation (1940700)
National Institutes of Health (5k23mh122669-05)
National Institute of Mental Health (K23 MH122669)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Eating Disorders and Behaviors
Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Impact of Technology on Adolescents
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Body Image and Dysmorphia Studies
Keywords: social media, adolescent girls, body image concern, depressive symptoms, disordered eating, gender socialization, peer influence, idealized images, peer approval, mental health, sociocultural factors
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Body Image, Female, Humans, Mental Health, Peer Group, Self Concept, Social Media

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The Perfect Storm: A Developmental–Sociocultural Framework for the Role of Social Media in Adolescent Girls’ Body Image Concerns and Mental Health

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