Cited by 1,415Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on BehaviorNeural and Behavioral Psychology StudiesParkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments

Multiple dopamine functions at different time courses

Schultz, Wolfram·2007·Annual Review of Neuroscience

Abstract

Many lesion studies report an amazing variety of deficits in behavioral functions that cannot possibly be encoded in great detail by the relatively small number of midbrain dopamine neurons. Although hoping to unravel a single dopamine function underlying these phenomena, electrophysiological and neurochemical studies still give a confusing, mutually exclusive, and partly contradictory account of dopamine's role in behavior. However, the speed of observed phasic dopamine changes varies several thousand fold, which offers a means to differentiate the behavioral relationships according to their time courses. Thus dopamine is involved in mediating the reactivity of the organism to the environment at different time scales, from fast impulse responses related to reward via slower changes with uncertainty, punishment, and possibly movement to the tonic enabling of postsynaptic motor, cognitive, and motivational systems deficient in Parkinson's disease.

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Crossref · 10.1146/annurev.neuro.28.061604.135722

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201 of 201 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • Changes in DAergic activity can signal punishment, aversion, or lack of expected reward, not only hedonic effects.

    “Although it was originally postulated that the DA released from the VTA only mediates the hedonic or pleasurable effects of natural reinforcers, it is now clear that changes in DAergic activity can also signal punishment, aversion, or lack of expected reward [53–58].”

    From Mechanistic insights into nicotine withdrawal (2011) · cites this paper as [56]

  • More than with most other neurons, the time course of dopamine neuron function varies vastly.

    “More than with most other neurons, the time course of dopamine neuron function varies vastly1 (BOX 1).”
  • Dopamine responses conform with a signed prediction error; they increase for better than expected outcomes and decrease for worse than expected outcomes.

    “In reinforcement learning, dopamine responses conform with a signed prediction error; they increase for better than expected (reward) outcomes and decrease for worse than expected (aversive) outcomes [43].”
  • Classical work showed the importance of reward as a stimulus for the bursting of dopamine cells.

    “Classical work showed the importance of reward as a stimulus for the bursting of these cells [43]”
  • Dopamine is the neurotransmitter predominantly associated with reward processing.

    “Dopamine is the neurotransmitter predominately associated with reward processing [12].”

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Authors
Schultz, W.
Affiliations
University of Cambridge (GB)
Corresponding author
Schultz, Wolfram
Venue
Annual Review of Neuroscience
Published
2007-07-01
Volume
30
Issue
1
Pages
259-288
ISSN
  • 0147-006X (ISSN-L)
  • 1545-4126
OpenAlex
W2096193724
Cited by
1,415
References
201
Citations by year
2026: 47 · 2025: 58 · 2024: 73 · 2023: 73 · 2022: 75 · 2021: 68 · 2020: 66 · 2019: 63 · 2018: 66 · 2017: 74 · 2016: 79 · 2015: 100 · 2014: 99 · 2013: 87 · 2012: 85
FWCI
5.96
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Annual Review of Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
Wellcome Trust (095495)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
Keywords
dopamine, midbrain dopaminergic neurons, reward, uncertainty, punishment, motor control, cognitive function, motivation, Parkinson's disease, behavioral deficits, lesion studies
MeSH terms
Animals, Behavior, Animal, Brain, Decision Making, Dopamine, Humans, Movement, Movement Disorders, Neural Pathways, Synaptic Transmission, Reward

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