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Anticipation of Increasing Monetary Reward Selectively Recruits Nucleus Accumbens
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Comparative studies have implicated the nucleus accumbens (NAcc) in the anticipation of incentives, but the relative responsiveness of this neural substrate during anticipation of rewards versus punishments remains unclear. Using event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging, we investigated whether the anticipation of increasing monetary rewards and punishments would increase NAcc blood oxygen level-dependent contrast (hereafter, "activation") in eight healthy volunteers. Whereas anticipation of increasing rewards elicited both increasing self-reported happiness and NAcc activation, anticipation of increasing punishment elicited neither. However, anticipation of both rewards and punishments activated a different striatal region (the medial caudate). At the highest reward level ($5.00), NAcc activation was correlated with individual differences in self-reported happiness elicited by the reward cues. These findings suggest that whereas other striatal areas may code for expected incentive magnitude, a region in the NAcc codes for expected positive incentive value.
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“For primary (e.g., food) and secondary (e.g., money) rewards, striatum activity, as measured by blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) fMRI signals, has been observed to increase when we encounter cues that predict a likely reward (e.g., a bell rung before mealtime 12, 13) and when we obtain a reward outcome (e.g., receive and consume the meal 14).”
From The social brain and reward: Social information processing in the human striatum (2014) · cites this paper as [12]
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“The ventral striatum has been implicated in reward-related processing in humans (Knutson, Adams, Fong, & Hommer, 2001; McClure, York, & Montague, 2004) and animals (Elliott, Friston, & Dolan, 2000).”
From Gender Differences in Emotion Regulation: An fMRI Study of Cognitive Reappraisal (2008) · cites this paper as Knutson, Adams, Fong, & Hommer, 2001
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“Nonclinical human neuroimaging studies indicate that the mesolimbic DA response to primary rewards may operate similarly in humans in response to more abstract, or secondary, rewards such as monetary incentives [98-100].”
From Reward circuitry dysfunction in psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders and genetic syndromes: animal models and clinical findings (2012) · cites this paper as [99]
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“There are several other measures of impulsive decision-making, including delay aversion tasks or other methods of evaluating discounting of delayed rewards (Bitsakou et al., 2006, Knutson et al., 2001, Muller et al., 2006, Rachlin et al., 1991).”
From Characterizing heterogeneity in children with and without ADHD based on reward system connectivity (2015) · cites this paper as Knutson et al., 2001
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BOTHE, N., ZSCHUCKE, E., DIMEO, F., HEINZ, A., WÜSTENBERG, T., & STRÖHLE, A. (2013) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0b013e318275306f · Cited by 37
Pool, E. R., Munoz Tord, D., Delplanque, S., Stussi, Y., Cereghetti, D., Vuilleumier, P., & Sander, D. (2022) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1124-21.2022 · Cited by 33
Frontolimbic responses to emotional face memory: The neural correlates of first impressions
Satterthwaite, T. D., Wolf, D. H., Gur, R. C., Ruparel, K., Valdez, J. N., Gur, R. E., & Loughead, J. (2009) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.20803 · Cited by 29
Mizuno, K., Yoneda, T., Komi, M., Hirai, T., Watanabe, Y., & Tomoda, A. (2013) · NeuroImage: Clinical · doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2013.03.004 · Cited by 30
Available alternative incentives modulate anticipatory nucleus accumbens activation
Cooper, J. C., Hollon, N. G., Wimmer, G. E., & Knutson, B. (2009) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsp031 · Cited by 27
Self-citationPreckel, K., Kanske, P., Singer, T., Paulus, F. M., & Krach, S. (2016) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-016-1036-x · Cited by 25
Variables influencing the neural correlates of perceived risk of physical harm
Coaster, M., Rogers, B. P., Jones, O. D., Viscusi, W. K., Merkle, K. L., Zald, D. H., & Gore, J. C. (2011) · Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3758/s13415-011-0047-9 · Cited by 24
“Other neuroeconomics studies have shown the nucleus accumbens to be involved in the anticipation and prediction of gains ( Knutson, Adams, Fong, & Hommer, 2001 ; K uhnen &K nutson,2005).”
Anhedonia modulates the effects of positive mood induction on reward-related brain activation
Green, I. W., Pizzagalli, D. A., Admon, R., & Kumar, P. (2019) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.02.063 · Cited by 23
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Bolstad, I., Andreassen, O. A., Reckless, G. E., Sigvartsen, N. P., Server, A., & Jensen, J. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0068494 · Cited by 22
Lawless space theory for online child sexual exploitation material offending
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Yearning predicts subgenual anterior cingulate activity in bereaved individuals
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“The nucleus accumbens is a small structure in the ventral region of the basal ganglia, which is associated with reward (Knutson et al., 2001).”
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Understanding the Moderators of Physical and Emotional Pain: A Neural Systems-Based Approach
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Schwarz, K., Moessnang, C., Schweiger, J. I., Harneit, A., Schneider, M., Chen, J., Cao, H., Schwarz, E., Witt, S. H., Rietschel, M., et al. (2022) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2021.07.016 · Cited by 18
Marutani, T., Yahata, N., Ikeda, Y., Ito, T., Yamamoto, M., Matsuura, M., Matsushima, E., Okubo, Y., Suzuki, H., & Matsuda, T. (2011) · Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences · doi:10.1111/j.1440-1819.2011.02189.x · Cited by 16
Metadata
- Authors
- Knutson, B., Adams, C. M., Fong, G. W., & Hommer, D.
- Affiliations
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Venue
- The Journal of Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Society for Neuroscience
- Published
- 2001-08-15
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 16
- Pages
- RC159-RC159
- ISSN
- 0270-6474 (ISSN-L)
- 1529-2401
- PMC
- PMC6763187
- OpenAlex
- W2119128116
- Cited by
- 2,244
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 56 · 2025: 73 · 2024: 46 · 2023: 91 · 2022: 80 · 2021: 73 · 2020: 97 · 2019: 96 · 2018: 115 · 2017: 96 · 2016: 140 · 2015: 128 · 2014: 147 · 2013: 123 · 2012: 134
- FWCI
- 18.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Gambling Behavior and Treatments
- Keywords
- nucleus accumbens, reward anticipation, monetary rewards, incentive value, striatum, happiness, incentive magnitude, individual differences
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Brain Mapping, Caudate Nucleus, Cues, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Nucleus Accumbens, Oxygen, Reward, Thalamus, Intuition
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